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London is a preeminent global city in the United Kingdom, serving as a vital nexus for international diplomacy, academic research, and the publishing industry. As a diplomatic center, the city frequently hosts high-level international summits, most notably the 2019 NATO Summit, which resulted in the London Declaration NATO London Declaration, and has functioned as a venue for significant geopolitical discussions, including US-China trade talks US-China in London per RSIS.

The city is a prolific hub for intellectual and academic output. It has long been a center for foundational psychological and philosophical research, historically hosting the work of figures such as John Bowlby at the Tavistock Clinic Bowlby London and serving as the base for influential publishers like Routledge, Penguin, and Macmillan & Co. These institutions have been instrumental in disseminating works on attachment theory, philosophy, and early childhood development published by Routledge.

Recent comparative studies in the field of cognitive science have highlighted London’s unique demographic and environmental profile. Research published in *Frontiers* indicates that university students in London report better sleep quality and higher performance on cognitive assessments—such as the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), and the Stroop test—when compared to their counterparts in Tokyo overall cognitive superiority. These studies suggest that London’s diverse cultural environment and flexible academic structures may act as moderators, resulting in a weaker negative correlation between sleep disturbances and cognitive function than is observed in more rigid academic settings Frontiers sleep quality data.

Despite these advantages, London’s student and professional populations navigate significant socioeconomic challenges, including financial pressures, mental health access barriers, and the stresses associated with living in a super-diverse, multicultural urban environment mental health challenges. The city’s resilience is supported by various mental health resources, though researchers emphasize the need for culturally tailored interventions to address these systemic issues tailored interventions.

Environmentally and socially, London is characterized by its efforts toward modernization and its status as a site of intense public interest. The city is actively pursuing sustainability goals, such as the transition to a zero-emission bus fleet by 2037 OAE Publishing, while simultaneously managing the urban heat rise associated with its dense metropolitan infrastructure ~1°C decade with LA, Phoenix per Frontiers. Additionally, London remains a focal point for public discourse, ranging from Metropolitan Police investigations to its status as a notable location for reported UFO sightings Wikipedia noting London among top UK cities.

Model Perspectives (5)
openrouter/x-ai/grok-4.1-fast definitive 65% confidence
London emerges from the facts as a prominent hub for academic publishing, with numerous books issued by publishers such as Routledge, Penguin, Macmillan & Co., and Oxford University Press, including works on attachment theory published by Routledge, philosophy 'Physicalism' by Daniel Stoljar, and early childhood 'Key persons' by Elfer et al.. A Frontiers study comparing university students in Tokyo and London found London participants reported better sleep quality (mean PSQI=7.8, SD=3.3 vs. Tokyo's 9.2) Frontiers sleep quality data and outperformed on cognitive tests like WCST (mean 54.7 vs. 50.1) London higher WCST scores, RAVLT, Stroop, and RPM overall cognitive superiority, with weaker sleep-cognition links than in Tokyo. Moderation analyses showed non-significant interactions for most tests e.g. Stroop β=-0.10, p=0.21. London hosts international events like the 2019 NATO Summit, where the London Declaration addressed China per SWP NATO London Declaration, and trade talks US-China in London per RSIS. Environmentally, it leads with over 300 electric buses aiming for zero emissions by 2037 OAE Publishing. Other notes include Metropolitan Police activities BBC arrest and urban heat rise ~1°C decade with LA, Phoenix per Frontiers.
openrouter/x-ai/grok-4.1-fast definitive 75% confidence
London emerges from the facts as a key location for academic research, particularly in a Frontiers study of 400 university students (200 from London, UK) examining sleep quality's impact on cognition, where correlations between Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores and tests like RAVLT (r=-0.25), Stroop (r=-0.20), RPM (r=-0.15), and WCST (r=-0.28) were weaker than in Tokyo, with London students showing higher RPM means 28.7 (SD=4.4) and better sleep efficiency 87.5%. The Frontiers study attributes this to London's diverse cultural backgrounds and less rigid academic environment moderating sleep-cognition links. London also hosts professional hubs like the Generative AI Innovation Centre where Zainab Afolabi works Amazon Web Services, historical clinics like John Bowlby's Child Guidance Clinic Simply Psychology, and publishers of reports/books by Carbon Tracker Initiative, SACN Frontiers in Nutrition, Bertrand Russell, Bowlby, Wittgenstein, and others. Security aspects include Metropolitan Police investigations NBC News and arrests like Lord Mandelson's in Camden BBC, plus mentions of Hezbollah cells Los Angeles Times and NATO's 2019 London Declaration SWP. Professionals like Laurent Segalen are based there Redefining Energy, alongside civil servant health studies CUNY Pressbooks.
openrouter/x-ai/grok-4.1-fast definitive 75% confidence
London, UK, serves as a key site in a cross-sectional study by Ampofo et al. (2025) published in Frontiers in Sleep, comparing university students' sleep quality and cognitive functions with Tokyo, Japan study on sleep and cognition. According to Frontiers research, London students report better sleep quality, including longer actigraphy-measured duration (6.9 ± 1.3 hours vs. Tokyo's 6.1 ± 1.1 hours, p < 0.001) sleep duration data and lower Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores lower sleep disturbances, linked to more harmonious work-life integration harmonious work-life. They score higher on cognitive tests like Stroop (mean 78.4 vs. Tokyo's 73.2) Stroop performance, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (β = 0.18, p = 0.03) WCST effect, and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT; β = 0.20, p = 0.04) RAVLT performance, with weaker negative sleep-cognition correlations (e.g., PSQI-RAVLT r = −0.25 vs. Tokyo's −0.40) PSQI-RAVLT correlation. However, poor sleep's impact on memory is less pronounced in London sleep-memory impact, amid challenges like financial stress financial pressures, mental health access barriers (stigma, waiting lists) mental health challenges, multicultural acculturative stress multicultural challenges, and high anxiety cycles stress-anxiety cycle. Frontiers authors recommend culturally tailored interventions, addressing London's socioeconomic issues tailored interventions. London also appears as a publishing hub (e.g., Simon & Schuster, Routledge, Granta) for works like Yergin's 'The Prize' Yergin publication and site of events like the 2019 NATO London Declaration by the North Atlantic Council NATO declaration; separately, London, Ontario, hosted propofol research propofol data, and inner London features super-diverse youth super-diverse populations.
openrouter/x-ai/grok-4.1-fast definitive 75% confidence
London serves as a key location in a Frontiers study by Ampofo et al. (2025) comparing sleep quality's impact on cognitive functions among 200 university students each in Tokyo and London, aged around 22-23 with balanced gender distributions study participants demographics. Poorer sleep (PSQI) correlated negatively with cognition across tests like RAVLT, RPM, and Stroop, but more strongly in Tokyo, e.g., RAVLT interaction β=-0.20 (p=0.03) RAVLT moderation correlations; London students scored higher overall (e.g., RAVLT mean 56.6 vs. Tokyo 53.8) cognitive scores RAVLT means. London students showed flexible sleep patterns buffering cognition despite nightlife disruptions, with diverse environments and mental health resources aiding resilience flexible patterns nightlife resources; RAVLT adapted culturally (e.g., Thames, Big Ben) /RAVLT adaptation. Beyond this, London appears in health contexts like 75% HIV/AIDS patients using alternative medicine (Open Access Pub) HIV medicine, civil servants' negative affectivity raising heart disease risk by 32% (Maricopa Open Digital Press) civil servants study, and historical/psychological accounts: John Bowlby's birth and clinic work (Simply Psychology, Attachment Project) Bowlby London, Platt Report publication Platt Report. Diplomatic mentions include Paris-London Ukraine initiative (Springer) Ukraine coalition and Maxwell's 2001 presence (NBC News) Maxwell email. Numerous publications originated there, e.g., Bowlby (1973), Rydin (2010).
openrouter/x-ai/grok-4.1-fast definitive 75% confidence
The facts portray London as a major global city in the United Kingdom, prominently featured as an academic hub in comparative studies on sleep quality and cognitive performance among university students. According to research published by Frontiers, university students in London exhibit better sleep quality than those in Tokyo, with weaker negative correlations between poor sleep (measured by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and cognitive tasks like Stroop Test performance compared to Tokyo counterparts. London students' academic disciplines include 25% Humanities and 35% Sciences per Frontiers data. It is also identified as a UFO sighting hotspot, with Wikipedia noting London among top UK cities for 957 reports from 2021-2023, alongside accounts of 1962 London air traffic control UFO chases. Historically, London hosted psychological research at the Tavistock Clinic where John Bowlby studied attachment post-WWII, and a 20-year follow-up of London school children. Diplomatically, it was the site of the 2019 North Atlantic Council London Declaration per SWP, and hosted ministerial talks like US-China discussions. Numerous facts highlight London as a prolific publishing center, with books by authors like Wittgenstein, Bowlby, and Merleau-Ponty issued by Routledge in London. Personal accounts reference transit through London in survival paths and postgraduate training at its Architectural Association.
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Facts (232)

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Investigating the impact of sleep quality on cognitive functions ... frontiersin.org Frontiers 152 facts
measurementIn the moderation analysis of university students in Tokyo and London, the interaction terms for the Stroop Test (β = -0.10, p = 0.21), Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) (β = -0.05, p = 0.32), and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) (β = -0.12, p = 0.09) were not statistically significant.
procedureThe study of university students in Tokyo and London utilizes multivariate regression analyses and structural equation modeling to examine the effects of sleep quality on cognitive functions.
claimThe more pronounced negative effect of poor sleep quality on verbal learning and memory in Tokyo students may be attributed to intense academic pressure, longer study hours, or cultural factors.
measurementThe correlation between PSQI scores and RAVLT (verbal learning and memory) performance is -0.40 in Tokyo and -0.25 in London.
claimTheoretical frameworks relevant to understanding the dynamic of sleep and cognitive function in Tokyo and London include the Stress-Performance Relationship, the relationship between stress and mental health, and the impact of sleep quality on cognitive functions and mental health.
measurementThe mean age of the 200 participants in Tokyo was 21.5 ± 2.3 years, while the mean age of the 200 participants in London was 22.1 ± 2.5 years.
measurementThe mean age of the study participants was 22.3 ± 2.7 years for the Tokyo group and 22.7 ± 2.9 years for the London group.
claimA proposed study aims to explore the relationship between various dimensions of sleep quality and cognitive load among students in Tokyo and London, accounting for cultural and environmental factors.
claimThe study's conceptual framework examines the connection between sleep quality and cognitive functions in university students from Tokyo, Japan, and London, UK, by combining theoretical viewpoints and empirical evidence to demonstrate the impact of sleep quality on cognitive performance and the role of cultural contexts.
claimDifferences in sleep quality and cognitive performance between students in Tokyo and London may reflect variations in circadian alignment and sleep-wake patterns across the two cultural contexts.
claimInterventions such as stress management workshops, counseling services, and mental health awareness campaigns can help reduce the burden of stress and improve mental health outcomes among students in Tokyo and London.
measurementStudents in London score higher on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) compared to students in Tokyo, regardless of sleep quality (β = 0.18, p = 0.03).
measurementIn a moderation analysis of university students in Tokyo and London, the interaction term (PSQI x City) for the RPM cognitive measure was β = -0.05 (SE = 0.05, t = -1.00, p = 0.32).
claimThe study suggests a potential trend where the negative impact of poor sleep quality on Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) performance is stronger in Tokyo than in London, though the effect remains inconclusive.
measurementUniversity students in Tokyo scored lower on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) with a mean of 50.1 (SD = 9.0) compared to university students in London, who scored a mean of 54.7 (SD = 10.0).
claimThe study demonstrates that differences in sleep quality between university students in Tokyo and London translate into differences in cognitive performance.
referenceThe study 'Investigating the impact of sleep quality on cognitive functions' utilized a moderation analysis to test whether the relationship between sleep quality (PSQI scores) and cognitive performance (measured by RAVLT, Stroop Test, RPM, and WCST) differs significantly between university students in Tokyo and London.
claimThe study investigated variations in sleep quality and cognitive performance stemming from distinct cultural contexts and academic pressures in Tokyo and London.
claimThere is an inverse relationship between sleep quality and cognitive performance in both Tokyo and London, where poorer sleep quality (indicated by higher PSQI scores) is associated with lower performance on cognitive tests.
measurementA study by Coelho et al. (2022) found that London University students from low-income backgrounds were less likely to receive mental health treatment due to financial barriers and a lack of awareness.
claimThe cultural environment in London may foster increased recognition of mental health and wellbeing, which potentially leads to improved sleep hygiene habits among students.
measurementThe relationship between Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores and Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) performance does not differ significantly between students in Tokyo and London (β = −0.05, p = 0.32).
measurementThe relationship between PSQI score and RAVLT performance was significantly stronger in Tokyo (β = −0.35, p < 0.001) compared to London (β = −0.15, p < 0.05), according to a moderation analysis examining cultural context.
measurementUniversity students in Tokyo reported significantly poorer sleep quality (Mean PSQI = 9.2, SD = 3.0) compared to university students in London (Mean PSQI = 7.8, SD = 3.3) with a p-value < 0.001 and Cohen's d = 0.44.
measurementThe gender distribution of the study participants was 58% female and 42% male in Tokyo, and 52% female and 48% male in London.
claimLondon students experience circadian disruptions due to social jetlag (the discrepancy between weekday and weekend sleep schedules), exposure to electronic devices before bed, and shift work.
perspectiveA comparative analysis of the relationship between sleep quality and cognitive functions in Tokyo and London is essential for developing targeted interventions for students in these distinct cultural contexts.
measurementIn a moderation analysis of university students in Tokyo and London, the interaction term (PSQI x City) for the WCST cognitive measure was β = -0.12 (SE = 0.07, t = -1.71, p = 0.09).
claimIn London, high demand for mental health services creates long waiting lists, which makes it difficult for students to access timely and effective support.
claimThe research study aims to examine the relationships between stress, mental health, sleep quality, and cognitive function within the specific cultural and academic contexts of Tokyo and London.
claimUniversity students in Tokyo reported poorer sleep quality and lower cognitive scores compared to university students in London.
measurementThe academic disciplines of the Tokyo participants were 30% Humanities, 40% Sciences, 20% Engineering, and 10% Other; the London participants were 25% Humanities, 35% Sciences, 30% Engineering, and 10% Other.
claimA proposed study aims to investigate the relationship between circadian alignment, sleep quality, and cognitive performance among students in Tokyo and London, considering cultural and environmental factors.
claimLondon University students who frequently used smartphones and tablets before bed reported poorer sleep quality and reduced cognitive abilities, according to Li et al. (2024).
claimThe magnitude of negative correlations between sleep quality and cognitive performance is consistently larger in Tokyo than in London for all cognitive measures, suggesting the impact of sleep quality on cognitive performance may be more pronounced among university students in Tokyo.
claimThe interplay between stressors such as financial and social challenges and sleep quality significantly impacts the cognitive load and academic performance of students in London.
measurementUniversity students in London outperformed university students in Tokyo on cognitive assessments, including the RAVLT (56.6 vs 53.8), Stroop Test (78.4 vs 73.2), RPM (28.7 vs 27.5), and WCST (54.7 vs 50.1).
claimIn the moderation analysis conducted by the study 'Investigating the impact of sleep quality on cognitive functions', the variable β (PSQI) represents the direct effect of sleep quality on cognitive performance controlling for city, β (City) represents the direct effect of city on cognitive performance controlling for sleep quality, and β (PSQI x City) represents the interaction term indicating whether the relationship between sleep quality and cognitive performance differs between Tokyo and London.
claimLondon's academic environment is characterized as more diverse and potentially less rigid than the environment in Tokyo, presenting different challenges for students.
claimThe study of university students in Tokyo and London informed the development of targeted interventions designed to improve sleep quality, reduce stress, and enhance cognitive function.
measurementThe study recruited 400 participants, consisting of approximately 200 students from Tokyo and 200 students from London.
imageThe study comparing Tokyo and London students found the following Pearson correlation coefficients (r) between PSQI scores and cognitive measures: RAVLT (Tokyo: -0.40, London: -0.25), Stroop Test (Tokyo: -0.35, London: -0.20), RPM (Tokyo: -0.30, London: -0.15), and WCST (Tokyo: -0.42, London: -0.28).
claimThere is a stronger negative relationship between sleep quality and cognitive flexibility and set-shifting abilities in Tokyo compared to London.
claimThe magnitude of negative correlations between sleep quality and cognitive performance is consistently larger in Tokyo than in London for all cognitive measures.
claimA study investigating the impact of sleep quality on cognitive functions among university students collected data from 400 participants, with 200 students from Tokyo, Japan, and 200 students from London, UK.
claimThe impact of sleep quality on verbal learning and memory, as measured by the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), is more pronounced in the cultural context of Tokyo compared to London.
claimThe study's design allowed for the simultaneous collection of data from university students in Tokyo and London, enabling a comparison between the two different student populations.
measurementThe correlation between Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores and Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) performance is −0.30 in Tokyo and −0.15 in London.
measurementA moderation analysis comparing Tokyo and London showed that the relationship between Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) performance was significantly stronger in Tokyo (β = -0.35, p < 0.001) than in London (β = -0.15, p < 0.05).
measurementIn London, the correlation between Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores and Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) performance is marginally significant at p = 0.04, while other cognitive correlations are significant at p < 0.01 or p < 0.001.
claimA cross-sectional study of 400 university students (200 in Tokyo and 200 in London) investigated the impact of sleep quality on cognitive functions.
measurementThe correlation between PSQI scores and RPM (non-verbal reasoning) performance is -0.30 in Tokyo and -0.15 in London.
procedureThe study incorporated qualitative data from semi-structured interviews to gain insights into the sociocultural factors influencing sleep behavior among university students in Tokyo and London.
measurementIn a moderation analysis of university students in Tokyo and London, the interaction term (PSQI x City) for the Stroop Test was β = -0.10 (SE = 0.08, t = -1.25, p = 0.21).
measurementThe gender distribution of the study participants was 58% female and 42% male in Tokyo, and 52% female and 48% male in London.
claimThe study found that the relationship between sleep quality and verbal learning and memory was stronger in Tokyo than in London, a finding described as novel in the literature.
claimThe negative impact of poor sleep quality on verbal learning and memory is more pronounced among university students in Tokyo compared to those in London, indicating that cultural context moderates the relationship between sleep quality and cognitive performance.
measurementIn a moderation analysis of university students in Tokyo and London, the relationship between sleep quality (measured by PSQI) and RAVLT performance showed a standardized regression coefficient (β) of -0.35 (p < 0.001), indicating that poorer sleep quality is associated with lower verbal learning and memory scores across both cities.
referenceThe study on sleep quality and cognitive wellbeing in Tokyo and London utilizes Memory Consolidation Theory, Cognitive Load Theory, Circadian Rhythm Theory, and the Stress-Performance Relationship as its theoretical frameworks.
claimUniversity students in Tokyo and London exhibit an inverse relationship between sleep quality and cognitive performance, where poorer sleep quality (indicated by higher Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores) is associated with lower performance on cognitive tests.
claimThe diverse cultural backgrounds of students in London may lead to variations in sleep habits and their subsequent impact on memory consolidation.
measurementThe interaction between Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores and city location significantly affects Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) performance (β = −0.20, p = 0.03), indicating the relationship between sleep quality and verbal memory differs between Tokyo and London.
measurementThe correlation between Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores and WCST performance is −0.42 (p < 0.001) for students in Tokyo and −0.28 (p < 0.001) for students in London.
claimThe academic environment in London is characterized as more diverse and potentially less rigid than the environment in Tokyo.
measurementThere is no statistically significant difference in Stroop Test performance between students in Tokyo and London when sleep quality is controlled (β = 0.15, p = 0.10), and the interaction between PSQI scores and city location on Stroop Test performance is not significant (β = −0.10, p = 0.21), suggesting the effect of sleep on attention is consistent across both cities.
measurementThe correlation between PSQI scores and RPM (non-verbal reasoning) performance in London is marginally significant at p = 0.04.
claimThe study found a more pronounced negative relationship between sleep quality and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) performance in Tokyo compared to London, suggesting that cultural factors may modulate the impact of sleep on memory consolidation.
measurementThere is no statistically significant difference in Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) performance between students in Tokyo and London when sleep quality is controlled (β = 0.10, p = 0.10).
claimPrisla Ücker Calvetti, Anna Paradowska-Stolarz, and Caecilia Sri Wahyuning served as reviewers for the article 'Investigating the impact of sleep quality on cognitive functions among students in Tokyo, Japan, and London, UK'.
claimIt is recommended to conduct pre-testing of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test cards in Tokyo and London to ensure that the symbols and colors used do not carry negative cultural associations.
claimIn a study comparing university students in Tokyo and London, the impact of sleep quality (measured by PSQI scores) on verbal learning and memory (measured by the RAVLT) is more pronounced in the cultural context of Tokyo compared to London.
claimThe relationship between sleep quality and verbal learning and memory is stronger in Tokyo university students than in London university students.
measurementUniversity students in Tokyo scored lower on the Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) with a mean of 27.5 (SD = 4.0) compared to university students in London, who scored a mean of 28.7 (SD = 4.4).
measurementPoorer sleep quality, as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), is significantly associated with slower Stroop Test performance (β = −0.25, p < 0.001) across both Tokyo and London student populations.
claimInsufficient or disrupted sleep impairs the brain's ability to encode, store, and retrieve verbal information, as evidenced by negative correlations between sleep quality and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) performance in Tokyo and London students.
claimThe study 'Investigating the impact of sleep quality on cognitive functions' suggests that the impact of sleep quality on verbal learning and memory is more pronounced in the cultural context of Tokyo compared to London.
measurementThe gender distribution of the Tokyo participant group was 45% male and 55% female, while the London participant group was 50% male and 50% female.
measurementThe correlation between Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) performance is -0.42 in Tokyo and -0.28 in London, indicating a stronger negative relationship between sleep quality and cognitive flexibility in Tokyo.
measurementActigraphy data showed that university students in Tokyo had lower sleep efficiency (82.5 ± 7.0%) compared to university students in London (87.5 ± 8.0%) with a p-value < 0.001 and Cohen's d = 0.67.
claimThe negative impact of poor sleep on memory was found to be more pronounced in Tokyo compared to London, indicating a moderating role of the city in the relationship between sleep and cognition.
measurementThere is no statistically significant difference in Stroop Test performance between students in Tokyo and London when sleep quality is controlled for (β = 0.15, p = 0.10).
claimStudents in London experience a more harmonious approach to work-life integration, which facilitates improved sleep patterns compared to students in Tokyo.
measurementThe correlation between Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores and Stroop test performance is −0.35 (p < 0.001) for students in Tokyo and −0.20 (p < 0.01) for students in London.
claimThe negative relationship between sleep quality and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) performance is stronger in Tokyo than in London, suggesting that cultural factors modulate the impact of sleep on cognitive load.
claimLondon faces challenges regarding mental health resource accessibility, including stigma, awareness gaps, and long waiting lists caused by high demand.
claimPoor sleep quality has a stronger negative impact on Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) performance in Tokyo compared to London, as indicated by a negative coefficient (β = −0.20).
measurementStudents in Tokyo exhibited lower sleep quality than students in London, as evidenced by average Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores reflecting a more significant occurrence of sleep disturbances.
claimThe study investigated the impact of sleep quality on cognitive functions among university students in Tokyo, Japan, and London, UK, specifically examining how cultural contexts influence this relationship.
claimIn London, financial pressures, the high cost of living, and concerns about future career prospects contribute to significant stress and anxiety among students.
claimThe magnitude of the effect of sleep quality on attention and executive function is similar in both Tokyo and London, suggesting consistent influencing factors across these cultural contexts.
claimLondon university students who report financial difficulties are more likely to experience sleep disturbances and mental health issues.
claimThe study investigates the relationship between specific dimensions of sleep quality (duration, consistency, and disturbances) and cognitive performance (memory retention, attention span, problem-solving abilities, and executive functioning) among university students in Tokyo and London.
measurementIn a moderation analysis of university students in Tokyo and London, the interaction term (PSQI x City) for the RAVLT cognitive measure was β = -0.20 (SE = 0.09, t = -2.22, p = 0.03).
claimThe research article titled 'Investigating the impact of sleep quality on cognitive functions among students in Tokyo, Japan, and London, UK' was published in the journal Frontiers in Sleep on May 26, 2025.
measurementThe article 'Investigating the impact of sleep quality on cognitive functions among students in Tokyo, Japan, and London, UK' was received on December 2, 2024, accepted on April 30, 2025, and published on May 26, 2025.
measurementUniversity students in Tokyo scored lower on the Stroop Test with a mean of 73.2 (SD = 11.5) compared to university students in London, who scored a mean of 78.4 (SD = 12.8).
claimThe multicultural nature of London creates challenges for students from diverse backgrounds, including acculturative stress and social isolation, which negatively impact sleep quality.
claimIn London, high demand for mental health services creates long waiting lists, which makes it difficult for students to access timely and effective support.
claimResearchers hypothesize that intense academic pressure and long study hours in Tokyo may exacerbate the negative effects of poor sleep on memory consolidation processes, leading to a more pronounced decline in verbal learning and memory performance compared to London.
claimUniversity students in Tokyo report poorer sleep quality compared to university students in London, likely due to demanding academic environments and high societal expectations in Japan.
measurementThere is a significant positive effect of city location on Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) performance (β = 0.18, p = 0.03), indicating that students in London score higher on the WCST compared to students in Tokyo, regardless of their sleep quality.
claimStudents in London may experience disruptions in memory consolidation due to stress, irregular sleep schedules, and lifestyle factors, despite potentially facing less overt pressure to study long hours compared to students in Tokyo.
claimAbdel-Salam G. Abdel-Salam from Qatar University served as the editor for the article 'Investigating the impact of sleep quality on cognitive functions among students in Tokyo, Japan, and London, UK'.
measurementThe correlation between PSQI scores and Stroop Test (attention and executive function) performance is -0.35 in Tokyo and -0.20 in London.
measurementThe relationship between Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores and Stroop Test performance does not differ significantly between students in Tokyo and London (β = −0.10, p = 0.21).
measurementIn a moderation analysis of university students in Tokyo and London, the effect of city on RAVLT performance showed a standardized regression coefficient (β) of 0.20 (p = 0.04), indicating that students in London score higher on the RAVLT compared to students in Tokyo, regardless of their sleep quality.
measurementActigraphy data showed that university students in Tokyo had shorter sleep duration (6.1 ± 1.1 hours) compared to university students in London (6.9 ± 1.3 hours) with a p-value < 0.001 and Cohen's d = 0.63.
referenceAmpofo et al. (2025) published the article 'Investigating the impact of sleep quality on cognitive functions among students in Tokyo, Japan, and London, UK' in the journal Frontiers in Sleep.
claimA comparative analysis of the relationship between sleep quality and cognitive functions in Tokyo and London is essential for developing targeted interventions that address the unique challenges faced by students in these distinct cultural contexts.
claimHigh levels of stress and anxiety experienced by London students can compromise sleep quality, leading to a cycle of sleep deprivation and cognitive impairment.
claimUniversity students in London may possess more flexible sleep-wake patterns compared to other populations, which may allow them to maintain better circadian alignment and protect their cognitive function.
claimThe study utilizes a cross-sectional design to examine the influence of sleep quality on cognitive functions in university students from Tokyo, Japan, and London, UK.
claimThe study aims to develop evidence-based recommendations for university-level interventions to improve sleep quality and cognitive outcomes among students in Tokyo and London, focusing on strategies such as sleep hygiene programs, flexible academic scheduling, and stress management workshops.
claimThe study on sleep quality in Tokyo and London students utilizes multivariate regression analyses and structural equation modeling as analytical methods.
measurementThere are negative correlations between sleep quality and performance on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) among university students in both Tokyo and London.
claimThe study aims to evaluate how academic stress, lifestyle choices (including exercise, social interactions, dietary patterns, and technology use before bed), and cultural factors (including societal expectations, educational systems, and parental influences) mediate or moderate the association between sleep quality and cognitive performance in university students in Tokyo and London.
perspectiveThe study authors recommend that interventions to improve student sleep quality should be culturally tailored, specifically by reducing academic pressure in Tokyo and addressing socioeconomic challenges in London.
claimThe study investigated the impact of cultural factors on cognitive outcomes associated with sleep quality among students located in Tokyo and London.
claimThe diverse cultural backgrounds of students in London may lead to variations in sleep habits and their subsequent impact on memory consolidation.
measurementA study by Coelho et al. (2022) found that London university students from low-income backgrounds were less likely to receive mental health treatment due to financial barriers and lack of awareness.
measurementThe correlation between Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores and RAVLT performance is −0.40 (p < 0.001) for students in Tokyo and −0.25 (p < 0.01) for students in London.
claimUnderstanding the dynamic of sleep quality and cognitive functions in Tokyo and London requires exploring the Stress-Performance Relationship, the relationship between stress and mental health, and the impact of sleep quality on cognitive functions and mental health.
measurementIn a moderation analysis of university students in Tokyo and London, the interaction between sleep quality (PSQI) and city on RAVLT performance showed a standardized regression coefficient (β) of -0.20 (p = 0.03), suggesting the relationship between sleep quality and verbal learning and memory is significantly different between the two cities.
claimA study examining the impact of sleep quality on cognitive functions among university students in Tokyo and London revealed significant negative associations between sleep quality and various cognitive domains.
measurementThe correlation between Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores and RPM performance is −0.30 (p < 0.001) for students in Tokyo and −0.15 (p = 0.04) for students in London.
measurementThe study investigating the impact of sleep quality on cognitive functions included two participant groups: 200 individuals in Tokyo and 200 individuals in London.
measurementThe relationship between Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores and Stroop Test performance does not differ significantly between Tokyo and London (β = −0.10, p = 0.21), suggesting the magnitude of the effect of sleep quality on attention and executive function is consistent across both cultural contexts.
claimThe study recommends developing culturally tailored interventions to improve sleep quality and cognitive performance for university students in Tokyo and London.
measurementThe study investigating sleep quality and cognitive function included 200 participants in Tokyo and 200 participants in London.
measurementPoorer sleep quality, as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), is significantly associated with lower Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) non-verbal reasoning scores (β = −0.20, p < 0.001) across both Tokyo and London student populations.
measurementThe study participants had a mean age of 22.3 years in Tokyo and 22.7 years in London, with a gender distribution of 58% female and 42% male in Tokyo, and 52% female and 48% male in London.
measurementThe correlation between Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores and Stroop Test performance is −0.35 in Tokyo and −0.20 in London.
measurementThe study participants in London (n = 200) had a mean age of 22.1 ± 2.5 years, with a gender distribution of 50% male and 50% female, and academic disciplines of 25% humanities, 35% sciences, 30% engineering, and 10% other.
measurementThe study participants were university students between the ages of 18 and 30 from Tokyo and London.
claimPoor sleep quality has a stronger negative impact on Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) performance in Tokyo students compared to London students.
claimThe study of 400 university students in Tokyo and London found significant negative correlations between Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores and cognitive performance, indicating that poorer sleep quality correlates with diminished cognitive abilities across domains.
claimLondon university students face challenges related to sleep quality and cognitive functions.
claimStudents in London possess more flexible sleep-wake patterns compared to students in Tokyo, which allows them to maintain better circadian alignment and protect their cognitive function.
measurementThe effect of city location on Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) performance is not statistically significant (β = 0.10, p = 0.10), and the interaction between PSQI scores and city location on RPM performance is not significant (β = −0.05, p = 0.32), indicating the relationship between sleep quality and non-verbal reasoning is consistent across Tokyo and London.
claimLondon's vibrant nightlife and the prevalence of irregular work schedules disrupt sleep patterns and desynchronize circadian rhythms.
claimStudents in London face sources of cognitive load including financial pressures, social challenges, and the need to adapt to a diverse and multicultural environment.
measurementUniversity students in Tokyo scored lower on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) with a mean of 53.8 (SD = 8.0) compared to university students in London, who scored a mean of 56.6 (SD = 8.8).
measurementStudents in London scored significantly higher on cognitive measures, including verbal learning, memory, attention, executive function, non-verbal reasoning, and cognitive flexibility, compared to students in Tokyo (p < 0.01).
claimThe authors of the article 'Investigating the impact of sleep quality on cognitive functions among students in Tokyo, Japan, and London, UK' (Ampofo et al., 2025) state that all claims expressed in the article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of their affiliated organizations, the publisher, the editors, or the reviewers.
measurementThe correlation between Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) performance is −0.40 in Tokyo and −0.25 in London.
claimThe Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) word lists were adapted for students in London to include culturally relevant items: Thames, Big Ben, Tube, Pub, Castle, Palace, Cricket, Football, Tea, Scone, Shakespeare, Beatles, Umbrella, Double Decker, and Curry.
claimUniversity students in London may benefit from a more diverse and flexible academic environment and greater access to mental health resources, which may buffer the negative effects of stress on sleep and cognitive function.
claimThe impact of sleep quality on cognitive functions, as measured by correlations between Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores and cognitive assessments, is more pronounced among students in Tokyo compared to students in London.
measurementThe mean age of the study participants was 22.3 ± 2.7 years for the Tokyo group and 22.7 ± 2.9 years for the London group.
claimA study investigating university students in Tokyo, Japan, and London, UK, found significant negative associations between sleep quality (measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and cognitive performance across domains including verbal learning and memory (RAVLT), attention and executive function (Stroop Test), non-verbal reasoning (RPM), and cognitive flexibility (WCST).
referenceThe study emphasizes the essential impact of sleep quality on cognitive functioning in university students and identifies notable cultural differences between Tokyo and London that affect sleep patterns and mental health outcomes.
measurementThe interaction term between sleep quality (measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and city location (Tokyo vs. London) on Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) performance resulted in β = −0.12 and p = 0.09, indicating the result is not statistically significant at the conventional p < 0.05 level.
John Bowlby's Attachment Theory - Simply Psychology simplypsychology.org Simply Psychology Apr 20, 2025 5 facts
referenceRobertson, J., & Robertson, J. (1968) produced the film 'Jane 17 months; in fostercare for 10 days', published in London by the Tavistock Institute of Human Relations.
referenceJohn Bowlby published 'Child care and the growth of love' through Penguin Books in London in 1953.
accountAfter World War II ended in 1945, John Bowlby joined colleagues at the Tavistock Clinic in London to research the impact of parental separation on children.
accountAfter World War II ended in 1945, John Bowlby joined colleagues at the Tavistock Clinic in London to research the impact of parental separation on children.
referenceThe Ministry of Health (1959) published 'The Welfare of Children in Hospital, Platt Report' in London via Her Majesty’s Stationery Office.
Strategic Rivalry between United States and China swp-berlin.org SWP 5 facts
referenceBruno Maçães authored the book 'Belt and Road: A Chinese World Order', published in London in 2018.
claimNATO's London Declaration of December 2019 acknowledged the challenges and opportunities presented by China's influence and international policies.
claimIn the London Declaration of December 2019, NATO officially acknowledged for the first time the challenges and opportunities presented by China's influence and international policies.
referenceThe North Atlantic Council issued the "London Declaration" on 4 December 2019 following a meeting of the heads of state and government in London on 3–4 December 2019.
referenceThe North Atlantic Council issued the London Declaration on 4 December 2019, following a meeting of the Heads of State and Government in London on 3–4 December 2019.
An introduction to John Bowlby | The Voice of Early Childhood thevoiceofearlychildhood.com The Voice of Early Childhood 4 facts
referenceThe book 'A secure base: Clinical applications of attachment theory' was published in London by Routledge.
referenceElfer, P., Goldschmied, E., & Selleck, D. (2012) authored the book 'Key persons in the early years: Building relationships for quality provision in early years settings,' published in London by Routledge.
referenceBowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and Loss: Volume 1. Attachment. London: Hogarth Press.
referenceBowlby, J. (1973). Attachment and Loss: Volume 2. Separation: Anxiety and anger. London: Hogarth Press.
Self-Consciousness - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy plato.stanford.edu Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Jul 13, 2017 3 facts
referenceBernard Williams authored the book 'Descartes: The Project of Pure Enquiry', published in 1978 by Penguin in London.
referenceLudwig Wittgenstein authored the book 'Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus', originally published in 1921, with a 1961 translation by D.F. Pears and B.F. McGuinness published by Routledge & Kegan Paul in London.
referenceMargaret Dualer Wilson authored the book 'Descartes', published in 1978 by Routledge in London.
Ethnobotanical and Food Composition Monographs of Selected ... ouci.dntb.gov.ua Javier Tardío, María de Cortes Sánchez-Mata, Ramón Morales, María Molina, Patricia García-Herrera, Patricia Morales, Carmen Díez-Marqués, Virginia Fernández-Ruiz, Montaña Cámara, Manuel Pardo-de-Santayana, María Cruz Matallana-González, Brígida María Ruiz-Rodríguez, Daniel Sánchez-Mata 2 facts
referenceBostock J and Riley HT published 'The natural history of Pliny' in London in 1855.
referenceBryant C published 'Flora dietetica or history of esculent plants' in London in 1783.
Panpsychism - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy plato.stanford.edu Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Jul 18, 2017 2 facts
referenceDaniel Stoljar authored the book 'Physicalism', published in 2010 by Routledge in London and New York.
referenceTimothy L.S. Sprigge authored the entry 'Panpsychism' for the 'Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy', published in 1999 in London.
Strategic Decoupling and Its Implications for US-China Relations rsis.edu.sg RSIS Sep 1, 2025 2 facts
accountSince the beginning of Donald Trump’s second term as President, the United States and China have experienced a new round of intense trade conflict, followed by three rounds of negotiations in Geneva, London, and Stockholm.
claimThe US-China relationship has entered a relatively stable phase following three rounds of negotiations held in Geneva, London, and Stockholm.
Who is in the Epstein files? - BBC bbc.com BBC Feb 26, 2026 2 facts
accountThe Metropolitan Police arrested a 72-year-old man on suspicion of misconduct in public office and transported him to a London police station for an interview.
accountLord Mandelson was arrested at his home in Camden, north London, at the end of February.
Latest Jeffrey Epstein file disclosures rock the rich and powerful nbcnews.com NBC News Feb 12, 2026 2 facts
claimLondon’s Metropolitan Police announced on February 3, 2025, that it had launched an investigation into a 72-year-old former Government Minister for misconduct in public office offences.
claimIn a 2015 email draft, Ghislaine Maxwell wrote that in 2001 she was in London when Virginia Giuffre met Prince Andrew, contradicting her later claim to the Department of Justice that she did not know if they had met.
Attachment Theory In Psychology Explained simplypsychology.org Simply Psychology May 20, 2025 2 facts
claimJohn Bowlby's experiences treating children at a Child Guidance Clinic in London led him to conclude that a child's relationship with their mother is significant in shaping their social, emotional, and cognitive development.
accountDuring the 1930s, John Bowlby worked as a psychiatrist at a Child Guidance Clinic in London, where he treated numerous emotionally troubled children.
Comparable Ages for the Independent Origins of Electrogenesis in ... journals.plos.org PLOS ONE 2 facts
referencePatterson C (1993) published 'Osteichthyes Teleostei' in 'The fossil record', edited by Benton MJ, London: Chapman, et al., pp. 621–656.
referenceCavin L, Longbottom A, and Richter M (2008) edited 'Fishes and the break-up of Pangaea', published by The Geological Society, London, Special Publication, 396 p.
Editorials Supporting an Iran Nuclear Deal, January - September 2015 armscontrol.org Arms Control Association 2 facts
claimThe StarTribune editorial board noted that 47 Senate Republicans ignored the perspectives of London, Paris, Berlin, Beijing, and Moscow regarding the Iran nuclear negotiations.
claimThe 47 Republican senators who signed an open letter to Iran are ignoring perspectives from London, Paris, Berlin, Beijing, and Moscow regarding nuclear negotiations.
The Persian Gulf TV War by Douglas Kellner (http://www.gseis.ucla ... pages.gseis.ucla.edu Douglas Kellner · UCLA 2 facts
accountEmery (1991) cites a hand-scrawled note from the Emir of Kuwait to the Crown Prince of Kuwait, advising the Crown Prince not to listen to requests for Arab solidarity from Saudi Arabia or Iraq, nor to submit to Iraqi threats, citing advice from 'friends in Washington, London and Egypt.' The note concluded with the statement: 'We are stronger than they think.'
accountThe London-based Mideast Mirror reported that King Hussein of Jordan brought a peace proposal from Iraq to President George H.W. Bush, in which Saddam Hussein expressed willingness to negotiate a withdrawal of Iraqi troops from Kuwait, provided that U.N. sanctions were lifted and the U.S. military buildup in Saudi Arabia ended, with the exception of the restoration of the al-Sabah clan in Kuwait.
A harder problem of consciousness: reflections on a 50-year quest ... frontiersin.org Frontiers 2 facts
referenceJohn R. Searle published 'The Mystery of Consciousness' in 1998 through Granta Publications in London.
referenceMaurice Merleau-Ponty authored 'Phenomenology of Perception', published by Routledge in London in 1962.
Steven M. Greer - Wikiquote en.wikiquote.org Wikiquote 2 facts
accountA witness reported that in the winter of 1962, London air traffic control requested that they chase a UFO, and subsequently stated that the public would not be informed of the event to avoid panic.
accountAn unnamed witness reported that in the winter of 1962, London control asked them to chase a UFO, and when asked about public disclosure, the official stated that the public would panic.
History of modern nutrition science—implications for current ... bmj.com BMJ Jun 13, 2018 2 facts
claimIn 1975, leading scientists in the United States and London concluded that the primary issue regarding global nutrition was a lack of food quantity rather than a 'protein gap' or food quality.
quoteLeading scientists in the US and London stated in 1975: “The concept of a worldwide protein gap… is no longer tenable… the problem is mainly one of quantity rather than quality of food.”
Psychoactive plants in Ancient World: notes from an Ethnobotanist academia.edu Academia.edu 1 fact
referenceA. Evans authored 'The Palace of Minos, Volume 3', published in London by Macmillan & Co in 1930.
The EU between strategic autonomy and the transatlantic relationship esisc.org ESISC 1 fact
claimThe NATO Summit in London did not successfully define the Alliance's shared threats or priorities, nor did it establish a consensus on strategy and resource allocation.
Advancing energy efficiency: innovative technologies and strategic ... oaepublish.com OAE Publishing 1 fact
measurementLondon's electric bus fleet includes over 300 fully electric buses, with the city aiming for a completely emissions-free fleet by 2037.
the consumption of psychoactive plants in ancient global and ... academia.edu Academia.edu 1 fact
referenceHarner MJ published 'Common Themes in South American Indian Yage Experiences' in the book 'Hallucinogens and Shamanism' in 1973, published by Oxford University Press in London, pages 155-175.
Quest For Love: Memoir of a Child Sex Slave (2022) unbekoming.substack.com Anneke Lucas · Unbekoming Jul 11, 2025 1 fact
accountAnneke Lucas claims that she unconsciously followed survival instructions provided by a person named Patrick throughout her adult life, which included leaving Belgium in her late teens, moving through London and Paris before settling in New York, and learning English.
Independence play: Europe's pursuit of strategic autonomy ecfr.eu European Council on Foreign Relations Jul 18, 2019 1 fact
perspectivePoland believes that involving nuclear deterrence in European strategic autonomy is out of the question, due to its reliance on the United States security guarantee and its perception that French and British nuclear arsenals are too small, alongside uncertainty regarding Paris's and London's willingness to Europeanise their deterrence capabilities.
History of tariffs in the United States - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org Wikipedia 1 fact
accountFollowing the rejection of the reciprocity agreement with the United States, Canada reasserted its National Policy and prioritized financial and trade deals with London.
Unidentified flying object - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org Wikipedia 1 fact
measurementBetween January 2021 and May 2023, there were 957 reported UFO sightings across the United Kingdom, with Manchester, London, Liverpool, and Glasgow identified as hotspots.
Sustainable Energy Transition for Renewable and Low Carbon Grid ... frontiersin.org Frontiers Mar 23, 2022 1 fact
measurementCities including London, Los Angeles, and Phoenix have experienced an average temperature rise of approximately 1°C within a single decade.
Detect hallucinations for RAG-based systems - AWS aws.amazon.com Amazon Web Services May 16, 2025 1 fact
claimZainab Afolabi is a Senior Data Scientist at the Generative AI Innovation Centre in London.
Energy asset stranding in resource-rich developing countries and ... frontiersin.org Frontiers Jun 10, 2024 1 fact
referenceThe Carbon Tracker Initiative published a report titled 'Beyond Petrostates—the Burning Need to Cut Oil Dependency in the Energy Transition' in London.
Moving Forward on the Problem of Consciousness - David Chalmers consc.net Journal of Consciousness Studies 1 fact
referenceB. Russell authored the book 'The Analysis of Matter,' which was published by Kegan Paul in London in 1927.
A Consensus Proposal for Nutritional Indicators to Assess ... - Frontiers frontiersin.org Frontiers in Nutrition 1 fact
referenceThe Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN) published 'Dietary Reference Values for Energy' in London in 2011.
The Evolution of the U.S. Intelligence Community-An Historical ... govinfo.gov U.S. Government Publishing Office 1 fact
accountFormer Secretary of State Dean Rusk testified that when he was assigned to G-2 in 1941, the intelligence resources for the region covering Afghanistan, southern Asia, southeast Asia, Australia, and the Pacific consisted only of a tourist handbook on India and Ceylon, a 1924 military attache's report from London on the Indian Army, and a drawer of New York Times clippings dating back to World War One.
How Tehran's proxy network could outlast the Iranian regime latimes.com Los Angeles Times 13 hours ago 1 fact
claimHezbollah has established cells in Cyprus, Peru, Colombia, Thailand, London, and the United States, which demonstrates the group's capacity to threaten regional and international interests without direct Iranian command.
Redefining Energy - Apple Podcasts podcasts.apple.com Laurent Segalen, Gerard Reid · Redefining Energy 1 fact
claimGerard Reid is based in Berlin, and Laurent Segalen is based in London.
An ethnobotanical study on wild edible plants in Taishan County ... frontiersin.org Frontiers Jul 10, 2025 1 fact
referenceKuhnlein H. and Turner N. (2020) authored the book 'Traditional plant foods of Canadian indigenous peoples: Nutrition, botany and use', published by Routledge in London.
Political and social trends in the future of global security. A meta ... link.springer.com Springer Dec 5, 2017 1 fact
referenceNiall Ferguson authored the book 'The war of the world: History's age of hatred', published by Allen Lane in London in 2006.
Stress, Lifestyle, and Health – Psychology 2e OpenStax pressbooks.cuny.edu CUNY Pressbooks 1 fact
measurementA study of over 10,000 middle-aged London-based civil servants followed for an average of 12.5 years found that those who scored in the upper third on a test of negative affectivity were 32% more likely to experience heart disease, heart attack, or angina than those who scored in the lowest third.
Geopolitics of the energy transition: between global challenges and ... geoprogress-edition.eu Simona Epasto · Geoprogress Edition Oct 26, 2025 1 fact
referenceDaniel Yergin authored the book 'The prize: The epic quest for oil, money & power', published by Simon & Schuster in London in 2012.
(PDF) On the function of consciousness - an adaptationist perspective academia.edu Academia.edu 1 fact
referenceMithen, S. (1996) authored 'The Prehistory of the Mind, a search for the origins of art, religion and science', published by Thames and Hudson in London.
A Synergistic Workspace for Human Consciousness Revealed by ... elifesciences.org eLife 1 fact
measurementThe propofol data used in the study were collected between May and November 2014 at the Robarts Research Institute in London, Ontario.
A Mixed-Methods Study of Open-Source Software Maintainers On ... arxiv.org arXiv Feb 3, 2025 1 fact
referenceBenjamin Fogel, Shane Farmer, Hamza Alkofahi, Anthony Skjellum, and Munawar Hafiz authored 'Poodles, more poodles, freak attacks too: how server administrators responded to three serious web vulnerabilities', published in the Engineering Secure Software and Systems: 8th International Symposium, ESSoS 2016, in London, UK.
Ethnobotanical study of food plants used in traditional medicine in ... link.springer.com Springer Nov 26, 2025 1 fact
referencePatricia Howard published 'The majority importance of minor resources: women and plant biodiversity' in 2003 through the International Institute for Environment and Development in London.
Hard problem of consciousness - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org Wikipedia 1 fact
referenceTom Stoppard wrote 'First Person', which appeared in the programme notes for the Royal National Theatre in London on January 28, 2015.
The Relationship Between Parenting Style, Child Behaviour and ... gavinpublishers.com Tommy Kwan Hin Fong, Heidi Ka Ying Lo, Calvin Pak Wing Cheng, Hoi Sin Tong, Wai Yan Vivian Lui, Phyllis Kwok Ling Chan · Gavin Publishers 1 fact
referenceChampion LA, Goodall G, and Rutter M (1995) published 'Behaviour problems in childhood and stressors in early adult life. I. A 20-year follow-up of London school children' in Psychol Med 25: 231-246.
Ethnobotanical Study of Wild Edible Plants and Their Indigenous ... scirp.org Merkuz Abera, Kindye Belay · Scientific Research Publishing 1 fact
referenceG.J. Martin authored the book 'Ethnobotany: A Method Manual,' which was published by Chapman and Hall in London in 1995.
The Role of Language in Shaping Social Identity and Cultural ... aithor.com Aithor Apr 24, 2025 1 fact
claimEthical study of social interaction and language should consider the wider implications and agendas that influence social practice, such as the formation of super-diverse youth populations in inner London.
Understanding epistemology and its key approaches in research cefcambodia.com Koemhong Sol, Kimkong Heng · Cambodian Education Forum Jan 21, 2023 1 fact
accountRescher (2003) illustrates the problem of justification with an example: A person believes Smith is in London (which is false, as Smith is in Manchester), and because Smith being in London entails Smith being in England, the person believes Smith is in England; while the belief is true, the person does not 'know' Smith is in England because the justification is false.
Medicinal Plants and their Traditional Uses - Open Access Pub openaccesspub.org Open Access Pub 1 fact
measurementApproximately 75% of people with HIV/AIDS in San Francisco, London, and South Africa use traditional or alternative medicine.
Europe's quest for strategic autonomy in response to Trumpism link.springer.com Springer Dec 8, 2025 1 fact
claimParis and London are working together to form a "coalition of the willing" and are launching a peace initiative for Ukraine.
Actar Publishers actar.com Ramon Gras, Jeremy Burke · Actar 1 fact
accountJavier Navarro de Zuvillaga completed postgraduate training at the Architectural Association in London during the 1970-1971 academic year, supported by a British Council grant.
Stress, Lifestyle, and Health – Introduction to Psychology open.maricopa.edu Maricopa Open Digital Press 1 fact
measurementA study of over 10,000 middle-aged London-based civil servants followed for an average of 12.5 years found that individuals who scored in the upper third on a test of negative affectivity were 32% more likely to experience heart disease, heart attack, or angina than those who scored in the lowest third.
An integrated climate-biodiversity framework to improve planning ... ecologyandsociety.org R. Newell, A. Dale, N.-M. Lister · Ecology and Society 1 fact
referenceThe book 'Governing for sustainable urban development' by Y. Rydin was published by Earthscan in London, UK in 2010.
John Bowlby and Attachment Theory: Stages and Working Model attachmentproject.com The Attachment Project 1 fact
accountEdward John Bowlby was born in 1907 to an upper middle-class family in London.
A critical review of industrial fiber hemp anatomy, agronomic ... bioresources.cnr.ncsu.edu BioResources 1 fact
referenceThe Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs in London, UK, published a report titled 'UK Flax and Hemp Production: The Impact of Changes in Support Measures on the Competitiveness and Future Potential of UK Fibre Production and Industrial Use'.
Early Digital Engagement Among Younger Children and the ... pediatrics.jmir.org JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting Jul 3, 2025 1 fact
referenceThe paper 'MIMo: a multi-modal infant model for studying cognitive development in humans and ais' by Mattern D, Lopez FM, Ernst MR, Aubret A, and Triesch J was presented at the 2022 IEEE International Conference on Development and Learning (ICDL) in London, United Kingdom.
Something Rich and Strange: Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941 ... smuralis.wordpress.com WordPress Apr 16, 2012 1 fact
referenceAmartya Sen authored 'The Argumentative Indian: Writings on Indian Culture, History and Identity,' published in London by Penguin in 2005.
Talking Points: US–China Competition and the International Order usali.org U.S.-Asia Law Institute Jan 30, 2026 1 fact
claimThe United States and China held three ministerial-level discussions in Geneva, London, and Stockholm, with potential for a future summit meeting.