The primary obstacles to the use of behavioral therapies for sleep disorders are a lack of clinician awareness regarding their efficacy, a shortage of providers trained in their use, high costs, and issues with patient adherence, as reported by Benca (2005a).
Pharmacological treatment is required in most cases of sleep disorders, according to Nishino and Mignot (1997) and Lammers and Overeem (2003).
Sleep loss and sleep disorders have profound and widespread effects on human health.
Behavioral therapies for sleep disorders are as effective as pharmacological therapies, according to Smith et al. (2002).
Ohayon, Guilleminault, and Priest (1999) studied the frequency of night terrors, sleepwalking, and confusional arousals in the general population and their relationship to other sleep and mental disorders.
Behavioral therapies for sleep disorders benefit approximately 70 to 80 percent of patients for at least 6 months after treatment completion, according to a task force review of 48 clinical trials.
Medication prescribed for a psychiatric disorder can exacerbate a comorbid sleep disorder, such as when sedating antidepressants are prescribed to patients with hypersomnolence.
The Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Sleep Medicine and Research associates chronic sleep loss and sleep disorders with an increased risk of hypertension, diabetes, obesity, depression, heart attack, and stroke.
Shouse MN and Mahowald M authored a chapter on the relationship between epilepsy, sleep, and sleep disorders in the book 'Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine'.
The International Classification of Sleep Disorders (AASM, 2005) identifies approximately 90 distinct sleep disorders.
Comorbid psychiatric and sleep disorders are treated using a combination of medication and/or psychotherapy (Krahn, 2005; Benca, 2005a).
Behavioral therapies for sleep disorders may have more enduring effects after treatment cessation compared to pharmacological therapies, as noted by McClusky et al. (1991) and Hauri (1997).
Sleep and mood disorders may be manifestations of dysregulation in overlapping neurocircuits.
Addressing obesity will likely benefit sleep disorders, and treating sleep deprivation and sleep disorders may benefit individuals with obesity.
A 2003 study by Kryger MH, Shepertycky M, Foerster J, and Manfreda J examined the prevalence of sleep disorders in repeat blood donors.
Treating comorbid sleep and psychiatric disorders can improve patient functioning and potentially improve adherence to therapy.
Mignot E, Taheri S, and Nishino S published a paper titled 'Sleeping with the hypothalamus: Emerging therapeutic targets for sleep disorders' in Nature Neuroscience in 2002.
The Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Sleep Medicine and Research states that sleep loss and sleep-related disorders negatively impact public health indicators including mortality, morbidity, performance, accidents and injuries, functioning and quality of life, family well-being, and health care utilization.
The cumulative effects of sleep loss and sleep disorders are associated with an increased risk of hypertension, diabetes, obesity, depression, heart attack, and stroke.
The etiological basis for the comorbidity between sleep disorders and psychiatric disorders remains poorly understood.
Insomnia and major depression represent the most prevalent and best-studied comorbidity between sleep and psychiatric disorders.
Mignot, Taheri, and Nishino (2002) identified the hypothalamus as a source of emerging therapeutic targets for sleep disorders.
Evidence suggests that obesity rates may increase as sleep loss trends worsen, and that treating obesity may benefit sleep disorders while treating sleep deprivation and sleep disorders may benefit individuals with obesity, according to Taheri et al. (2004).
Treatment for sleep disorders in individuals with dementia involves addressing the sleep disorder symptoms while managing the underlying medical or psychiatric disorder.
Behavioral measures for sleep disorders, such as napping, support groups, and work arrangements, are helpful but rarely sufficient as standalone treatments.
Comorbidity between sleep disorders and other conditions may arise because one disorder acts as a risk factor or cause for the other, both are manifestations of the same physiological disturbance, or one is a consequence of the other.
Partinen M and Hublin C authored a chapter on the epidemiology of sleep disorders in the 4th edition of the book Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine, published by Elsevier/Saunders in 2005.
Kryger MH, Shepertycky M, Foerster J, and Manfreda J investigated sleep disorders in repeat blood donors in a 2003 study published in the journal Sleep.
Addressing obesity will likely benefit sleep disorders, and treating sleep deprivation and sleep disorders may benefit individuals with obesity, according to Taheri et al. (2004).
Mahowald MW and Schenck CH provided insights into human sleep disorders based on clinical study.
Behavioral therapies for sleep disorders are as effective as pharmacological therapies, and they may have more enduring effects after treatment cessation.
There are no specific therapies that relieve sleep-related symptoms caused by a stroke; treatments depend on the specific symptoms and are similar to the treatments of sleep disorders that arise independent of a stroke.
An estimated 50 to 70 million Americans chronically suffer from a disorder of sleep and wakefulness, which hinders daily functioning and adversely affects health and longevity.
Sleep and mood disorders may be manifestations of dysregulation in overlapping neurocircuits, given that the amygdala plays a role in sleep regulation.
Comorbid psychiatric and sleep disorders are treated using a combination of medication and psychotherapy.
Most sleep disorders are characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, or abnormal movements, behaviors, and sensations occurring during sleep.
Treating sleep disorders in individuals with Alzheimer’s disease is not effective in reducing the dementia associated with the disease.
The chapter 'Epilepsy, sleep, and sleep disorders' by Shouse and Mahowald, published in the 4th edition of Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine (2005), discusses the relationship between epilepsy, sleep, and sleep disorders.
Anic-Labat S, Guilleminault C, Kraemer HC, Meehan J, Arrigoni J, and Mignot E validated a cataplexy questionnaire in a study of 983 sleep-disorders patients, published in Sleep in 1999.
Sleep loss and sleep disorders have profound and widespread effects on human health, a conclusion supported by decades of research.
The public health consequences of sleep loss and sleep-related disorders include negative impacts on mortality, morbidity, performance, accidents and injuries, functioning and quality of life, family well-being, and health care utilization.
Underdiagnosis and undertreatment of comorbid psychiatric and sleep disorders is a major clinical problem, as one condition may be missed or dismissed as secondary to the other.
Vgontzas AN and Kales A reviewed sleep and its disorders in the Annual Review of Medicine in 1999.
Mahowald MW and Schenck CH published insights from studying human sleep disorders in the journal Nature in 2005.
Sleep loss and sleep-related disorders contribute to errors in judgment, such as the disaster involving the space shuttle Challenger, as noted by Walsh et al. (2005).
Ohayon et al. (2000) analyzed the prevalence of confusional arousals in sleep and mental disorders based on a general population sample of 13,057 subjects.
Michael J. Thorpy provided a classification of sleep disorders in the 4th edition of 'Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine', published by Elsevier/Saunders in 2005.
Risk factors for sleep-related epilepsy include stress, sleep deprivation, other sleep disorders, and irregular sleep-wake rhythms.
There are approximately 90 distinct sleep disorders, most of which are characterized by symptoms such as excessive daytime sleepiness, difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, or abnormal events occurring during sleep.
Automobile crashes are acute consequences of sleep disorders that can occur within hours or minutes of the sleep disorder event, making them relatively easy to link to sleep problems.