refined carbohydrates

red meat

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• The original Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) trial compared a typical U.S. dietary pattern to a diet high in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products, emphasizing fish and chicken over red meat, and low in saturated fats, cholesterol, sugars, and refined carbohydrates.
• Refined carbohydrates (white bread and pastries), fried foods, soda, red meat, processed meats, margarine, shortening, and lard increase inflammation in the body.
• The Western diet is a contemporary eating pattern characterized by a high intake of processed foods, refined grains, red and processed meats, sugary drinks, sweets, fried meals, conventionally produced animal products, high-fat dairy, and high-fructose foods.
• Foods that can cause inflammation include refined carbohydrates (white bread, pastries), processed foods, sugar-sweetened beverages, and red meat.
• Diets in high- and upper-middle-income countries often rely heavily on animal proteins, such as red meats, refined grains, and highly processed foods rich in added sugars, salt, and saturated fats.
• Consuming trans fats, saturated fats, omega-6 fats, refined carbohydrates, foods with excess sugar, alcohol, red meats, and processed meats can increase inflammation and contribute to chronic inflammation over time.
• A healthy diet consists of plenty of fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, seeds, whole grains, and oils high in unsaturated fats, while containing little to no red and processed meat, sugar-sweetened beverages, refined grains, and oils high in saturated fats.
• Foods that can increase inflammation include trans fats, saturated fats, omega-6 fats, refined carbohydrates, foods with excess sugar, alcohol, red and processed meats, and excessive consumption of any macronutrient.
• The Western pattern diet is a modern dietary pattern originating in the industrialized West, characterized by high intakes of pre-packaged foods, refined grains, red and processed meat, high-sugar drinks, candy, sweets, fried foods, high-fat dairy products, eggs, potato products, and corn products like high-fructose corn syrup.
• Foods categorized as high-inflammatory include red meat, processed meat, refined carbohydrates (such as white bread and white rice), snack foods, desserts, and sweetened beverages like soft drinks.
• The Western Pattern Diet is characterized by a high intake of processed and convenience foods, including large quantities of butter, high-fructose corn syrup, fried foods, high-fat dairy products, red meats, eggs, potatoes, refined grains, and sugary beverages.
• To combat chronic inflammation, individuals should avoid consuming red meat, refined carbohydrates (such as white bread and muffins), fried foods, and sugary drinks.
• High consumption of refined carbohydrates, processed foods, sugar-sweetened beverages, and red meat contributes to weight gain, which is a risk factor for inflammation.

inflammation

Refined carbohydrates are directly linked to inflammation as foods that cause or increase it [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], contribute to weight gain as a risk factor for inflammation [6], and should be reduced or replaced with whole grains to manage inflammation [7], [8], [9], [10], [11]. — 11 supporting facts

chronic inflammation

Refined carbohydrates are identified as a primary dietary cause of chronic inflammation [1], [2], and [3]. Consequently, medical guidelines recommend limiting or avoiding refined carbohydrates to reduce or prevent the development of chronic inflammation [4], [5], and [6]. — 7 supporting facts

fruits

Fruits and refined carbohydrates are frequently contrasted in dietary guidelines, where fruits are recommended as healthy, nutrient-dense alternatives to refined carbohydrates, which are often categorized as foods to limit or avoid [1], [2], [3], and [4]. They are also used as markers to distinguish between healthy dietary patterns and 'Western' or processed diets [5] and [6]. — 7 supporting facts

vegetables

Vegetables and refined carbohydrates are frequently contrasted in dietary guidelines, where vegetables are recommended as essential components of a healthy diet while refined carbohydrates are identified as items to be limited or avoided [1], [2], [3], [4]. Furthermore, public health initiatives like the CACFP prioritize increasing vegetable intake while simultaneously reducing the presence of processed food components often associated with refined grains [5]. — 5 supporting facts

western diet

Refined carbohydrates are a core component of the Western diet, as evidenced by their explicit inclusion in the definition of the diet's nutritional profile in [1], [2], and [3]. — 3 supporting facts

U.S.

The U.S. is linked to refined carbohydrates through its typical dietary pattern, which includes them and was contrasted in the DASH trial against a diet low in refined carbohydrates [1]. Refined grains, a source of refined carbohydrates, are commonly consumed in the United States and lack nutritional quality compared to ancestral foods [2], with 85.3% of cereals consumed there being refined grains [3]. — 3 supporting facts