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DSM-IV-TR
Also known as: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, DSM-IV-TR, DSM-IV
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Anxiety Disorders DSM - 445 Dolley Madison Road crossroadspsychiatric.com 31 facts
referenceThe DSM-IV-TR defines the diagnostic criteria for Social Phobia (Social Anxiety Disorder, Code 300.23) as a marked and persistent fear of one or more social or performance situations in which the person is exposed to unfamiliar people or to possible scrutiny by others.
referenceThe American Psychiatric Association defines the diagnostic criteria for social anxiety disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) as including the fear that an individual will act in a way or show anxiety symptoms that will be humiliating or embarrassing.
referenceThe DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria for trauma-related disorders define persistent avoidance of stimuli and numbing of general responsiveness as the presence of three or more of the following: efforts to avoid thoughts, feelings, or conversations associated with the trauma; efforts to avoid activities, places, or people that arouse recollections of the trauma; inability to recall an important aspect of the trauma; markedly diminished interest or participation in significant activities; feeling of detachment or estrangement from others; restricted range of affect; or a sense of a foreshortened future.
referenceUnder DSM-IV-TR criteria, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder requires that the traumatic event be persistently reexperienced in one or more ways, including recurrent and intrusive distressing recollections (including images, thoughts, or perceptions), or recurrent distressing dreams of the event. In young children, this reexperiencing may manifest as repetitive play expressing themes or aspects of the trauma, or frightening dreams without recognizable content.
referenceThe DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria for trauma-related disorders define persistent symptoms of increased arousal as the presence of two or more of the following: difficulty falling or staying asleep, irritability or outbursts of anger, difficulty concentrating, hypervigilance, or an exaggerated startle response.
referenceThe DSM-IV-TR criteria for social anxiety disorder specify that the fear or avoidance must not be due to the direct effects of a substance (such as a drug of abuse or medication) or a general medical condition, and must not be better accounted for by another mental disorder.
referenceThe DSM-IV-TR defines Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (Code 309.81) as a condition where the person has been exposed to a traumatic event involving actual or threatened death, serious injury, or a threat to the physical integrity of self or others, and the person's response involved intense fear, helplessness, or horror (or in children, disorganized or agitated behavior).
claimPsychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and other health and mental health care providers use the DSM-IV-TR to understand and diagnose mental health problems.
referenceThe DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria for Panic Disorder Without Agoraphobia (Code 300.01) require: (1) recurrent unexpected panic attacks, and (2) at least one attack followed by one month or more of persistent concern about additional attacks, worry about the implications or consequences of the attack (such as losing control or 'going crazy'), or a significant change in behavior related to the attacks. Additionally, the patient must show an absence of Agoraphobia, and the panic attacks must not be due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., drug of abuse, medication) or a general medical condition (e.g., overactive thyroid).
referenceThe DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria for trauma-related disorders require that the disturbance last for more than one month and cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
referenceThe DSM-IV-TR defines the diagnostic criteria for Specific Phobia (Code 300.29) as a marked and persistent fear that is excessive or unreasonable, cued by a specific object or situation, which almost invariably provokes an immediate anxiety response or panic attack, is avoided or endured with distress, interferes with normal functioning, lasts at least 6 months in individuals under 18, and is not better accounted for by another mental disorder.
referenceThe Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) lists symptoms of anxiety disorders including restlessness or feeling keyed up or on edge, being easily fatigued, difficulty concentrating or mind going blank, irritability, muscle tension, and sleep disturbance.
referenceThe Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) is an official manual of mental health problems developed by the American Psychiatric Association.
referenceThe DSM-IV-TR specifies that for a diagnosis of an anxiety disorder, the disturbance must not be due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (such as a drug of abuse or medication) or a general medical condition (such as hyperthyroidism), and must not occur exclusively during a Mood Disorder, a Psychotic Disorder, or a Pervasive Developmental Disorder.
claimAgoraphobia is not a codable disorder in the DSM-IV-TR; the specific diagnosis in which Agoraphobia occurs is assigned a code, such as 300.21 (Panic Disorder With Agoraphobia) or 300.22 (Agoraphobia Without History of Panic Disorder).
referenceThe DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria for Panic Disorder With Agoraphobia (Code 300.21) require: (1) recurrent unexpected panic attacks, and (2) at least one attack followed by one month or more of persistent concern about additional attacks, worry about the implications or consequences of the attack (such as losing control or 'going crazy'), or a significant change in behavior related to the attacks. Additionally, the patient must exhibit the presence of Agoraphobia, and the panic attacks must not be due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., drug of abuse, medication) or a general medical condition (e.g., overactive thyroid).
referenceThe DSM-IV-TR (Code 308.3) defines the diagnostic criteria for Acute Stress Disorder as requiring exposure to a traumatic event involving actual or threatened death or serious injury, accompanied by intense fear, helplessness, or horror. The individual must exhibit three or more dissociative symptoms (such as numbing, detachment, reduced awareness, derealization, depersonalization, or dissociative amnesia), persistent re-experiencing of the trauma, marked avoidance of trauma-related stimuli, and symptoms of anxiety or increased arousal. The disturbance must cause clinically significant distress or impairment, last between 2 days and 4 weeks, occur within 4 weeks of the event, and not be due to substances, medical conditions, or Brief Psychotic Disorder.
referenceThe DSM-IV-TR criteria for social anxiety disorder require that the person recognizes that the fear is excessive or unreasonable, though this feature may be absent in children.
referenceFor individuals under age 18, the DSM-IV-TR requires a duration of at least 6 months for a diagnosis of social anxiety disorder.
referenceThe DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria for trauma-related disorders include re-experiencing symptoms such as acting or feeling as if the traumatic event were recurring, which encompasses reliving the experience, illusions, hallucinations, and dissociative flashback episodes. In young children, this may manifest as trauma-specific reenactment.
referenceFor children, the DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria for social anxiety disorder require evidence of the capacity for age-appropriate social relationships with familiar people, and the anxiety must occur in peer settings rather than just in interactions with adults.
referenceThe DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria for trauma-related disorders include intense psychological distress and physiological reactivity upon exposure to internal or external cues that symbolize or resemble an aspect of the traumatic event.
referenceThe DSM-IV-TR defines Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (Code 300.3) as a condition characterized by either obsessions or compulsions. Obsessions are defined as recurrent, persistent, intrusive, and inappropriate thoughts, impulses, or images that cause marked anxiety or distress, are not excessive worries about real-life problems, are suppressed or neutralized by the person, and are recognized by the person as a product of their own mind. Compulsions are defined as repetitive behaviors (such as hand washing, ordering, or checking) or mental acts (such as praying, counting, or repeating words silently) that the person feels driven to perform in response to an obsession or according to rigid rules, aimed at preventing or reducing distress or a dreaded event, which are either excessive or not realistically connected to the event they are designed to neutralize.
referenceIn the DSM-IV-TR, a Panic Attack is defined as a discrete period of intense fear or discomfort in which four or more of the following symptoms develop abruptly and reach a peak within 10 minutes: palpitations, pounding heart, or accelerated heart rate; sweating; trembling or shaking; sensations of shortness of breath or smothering; feeling of choking; chest pain or discomfort; nausea or abdominal distress; feeling dizzy, unsteady, lightheaded, or faint; derealization or depersonalization; fear of losing control or going crazy; fear of dying; paresthesias; or chills or hot flashes.
claimInsurance companies and health care providers use the terms and explanations in the DSM-IV-TR when discussing mental health problems.
referenceAgoraphobia is defined by the American Psychiatric Association in the DSM-IV-TR as anxiety about being in situations or places where escape might be difficult, embarrassing, or where help might be unavailable during an unexpected panic attack or panic-like symptoms.
claimA Panic Attack is not a codable disorder in the DSM-IV-TR and cannot be diagnosed as a separate entity; instead, the specific diagnosis in which the Panic Attack occurs is assigned a code.
referenceTo meet the DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, the individual must recognize at some point that the obsessions or compulsions are excessive or unreasonable, and the symptoms must cause marked distress, be time-consuming (taking more than 1 hour a day), or significantly interfere with the person's normal routine, occupational or academic functioning, or social activities and relationships. Additionally, the disturbance must not be due to the direct physiological effects of a substance or a general medical condition.
claimThe American Psychiatric Association states that materials regarding DSM-IV-TR criteria are for educational purposes only and are not a substitute for a diagnosis made by a qualified mental health professional.
referenceThe DSM-IV-TR defines the diagnostic criteria for Agoraphobia Without History of Panic Disorder (Code 300.22) as the presence of agoraphobia related to fear of developing panic-like symptoms, where criteria for Panic Disorder have never been met, the disturbance is not due to physiological effects of a substance or medical condition, and if a medical condition is present, the fear is in excess of what is usually associated with that condition.
referenceAccording to the DSM-IV-TR, anxiety, worry, or physical symptoms must cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning to be considered a disorder.
Extent and Health Consequences of Chronic Sleep Loss and ... - NCBI ncbi.nlm.nih.gov 5 facts
claimSleep disturbances are listed as diagnostic criteria for psychiatric disorders in the DSM-IV.
referenceThe American Psychiatric Association published the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV).
claimThe DSM-IV lists sleep disturbances as diagnostic criteria for certain psychiatric disorders, such as using insomnia as a symptom to diagnose major depression (APA, 1994).
referenceThe DSM-IV lists sleep disturbances as diagnostic criteria for certain psychiatric disorders (APA, 1994).
claimSleep disturbances, including insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness (hypersomnia), and parasomnia, are common features of psychiatric disorders and are listed as diagnostic criteria in the DSM-IV (APA, 1994).
Diagnosis of Anxiety - News-Medical.Net news-medical.net 5 facts
referenceThe DSM-IV-TR criteria for Panic Disorder include: (1) frequent panic attacks without cause or warning; (2) potential presence of agoraphobia (fear of large open spaces); (3) absence of other psychiatric or medical ailments that explain the attacks; and (4) at least one attack followed by fear and concern regarding another attack, worry regarding the consequences of an attack, or a change in behavior related to the panic attacks.
referenceThe DSM-IV-TR criteria for Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) include: (1) a history of experiencing, witnessing, or confronting an event that involved a threat or actual risk of death or serious harm; (2) the experience may be accompanied by feelings of fear, helplessness, or horror; and (3) feelings of distress must persist for at least 1 month.
referenceThe DSM-IV-TR criteria for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) define compulsions as repeated behaviors and mental actions that the patient is driven to follow according to self-set rigid rules to ease anxiety and reduce distress; these actions are not realistic, are clearly excessive, may be recognized as excessive by the patient, and may take over one hour a day.
procedureA diagnosis of an anxiety disorder may be made if the criteria defined in the DSM-IV-TR are fulfilled for a duration of at least 6 months.
referenceThe DSM-IV-TR criteria for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) define obsessions as recurrent and intrusive thoughts, impulses, or ideas, where the patient attempts to ignore or suppress the thoughts and recognizes them as a product of their own mind, typically without excessive worry about real-life problems.
Diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorders set out in DSM-IV and ICD ... ncbi.nlm.nih.gov 5 facts
claimAccording to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, Generalized Anxiety Disorder is defined by excessive anxiety and worry about a number of events or activities occurring on more days than not for at least 6 months, the person finding it difficult to control the worry, and the presence of at least three of six specific symptoms (restlessness, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension, or sleep disturbance).
referenceThe DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for social phobia include: (A) marked fear of being the focus of attention or fear of behaving in a way that will be embarrassing or humiliating, or marked avoidance of such situations; (B) exposure to the feared social situation almost invariably provokes anxiety, which may take the form of a situationally bound or situationally predisposed panic attack; (C) the person recognizes that the fear is excessive or unreasonable; (D) the feared social or performance situations are avoided or else are endured with intense anxiety or distress; (E) the avoidance, anxious anticipation, or distress interferes significantly with the person’s normal routine, occupational or academic functioning, or social activities or relationships, or there is marked distress about having the phobia; (F) in individuals under age 18 years, the duration is at least 6 months; (G) the fear or avoidance is not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance or a general medical condition and is not better accounted for by another mental disorder.
referenceThe DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) require that the focus of the anxiety and worry is not confined to features of an Axis I disorder.
claimThe DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorders specify that the fear described in Criterion A must be unrelated to any present general medical condition or other mental disorder, such as stuttering, trembling associated with Parkinson’s disease, or abnormal eating behavior associated with anorexia nervosa.
claimThe DSM-IV classification system distinguishes between panic disorder with agoraphobia and panic disorder without agoraphobia, as specified in criterion B under the panic disorder heading.
The Classification of Anxiety Disorders in ICD-10 and DSM-IV - Ovid ovid.com 4 facts
claimEquivalency of the exclusion criteria between the DSM-IV and ICD-10 classification systems reduces the concordance between the two systems, demonstrating that each classification system is a set of inter-dependent diagnoses that must be considered together to achieve concordance.
referenceGavin Andrews and Tim Slade used data from the Australian National Mental Health Survey to model the impact of differences between DSM-IV and ICD-10 diagnostic criteria on the diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder.
claimThe classifications of anxiety disorders in the DSM-IV and the ICD-10 appear similar on the surface, but differences exist in four aspects of the diagnostic criteria: typology, identifying criteria, inclusion criteria, and exclusion criteria.
claimThe concordance between DSM-IV and ICD-10 classifications of anxiety disorders would be improved by removing the criterion for uncontrollability from DSM-IV, removing the clinical significance criterion from DSM-IV, and focusing more closely on the symptoms of hypervigilance and scanning as defined in DSM-IV.
Diagnosis and Management of Generalized Anxiety Disorder ... - AAFP aafp.org May 1, 2015 1 fact
claimThe GAD-7 scale remains clinically useful after the publication of the DSM-5 because the differences in Generalized Anxiety Disorder diagnostic criteria between DSM-IV and DSM-5 are minimal.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder - National Institute of Mental Health nimh.nih.gov 1 fact
referenceKessler RC, Chiu WT, Demler O, Merikangas KR, and Walters EE published the study 'Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication' in the June 2005 issue of Archives of General Psychiatry.
Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety-Related Disorders link.springer.com Dec 19, 2022 1 fact
procedureTo be included in the meta-analysis, studies had to meet four criteria: (1) patients were aged 18 to 65 and met DSM-III-R, DSM-IV, or DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for specific anxiety-related disorders; (2) patients were randomly assigned to either CBT or a placebo (pill or psychological); (3) anxiety symptom severity was assessed via a validated clinical interview or self-report instrument pre- and post-treatment; and (4) studies provided sufficient data to calculate effect sizes.