concept

leptin

Facts (34)

Sources

Immunity In Depth | Linus Pauling Institute lpi.oregonstate.edu Linus Pauling Institute 10 facts

referenceMatarese G, Moschos S, and Mantzoros CS published a review titled 'Leptin in immunology' in the Journal of Immunology in 2005 (volume 174, issue 6, pages 3137-3142).

claimUnder normal physiological conditions, higher levels of circulating leptin suppress appetite and lead to a reduction in food intake.

claimLeptin promotes T helper (Th)1 immune responses, which may have implications in the development of autoimmune disease.

claimLeptin promotes the phagocytic function of immune cells, stimulates pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and regulates the functions of neutrophils, natural killer (NK) cells, and dendritic cells.

referenceMatarese G, Leiter EH, and La Cava A published a review titled 'Leptin in autoimmunity: many questions, some answers' in Tissue Antigens in 2007 (volume 70, issue 2, pages 87-95).

claimLeptin is a hormone and adipokine secreted from adipose tissue that plays a key role in regulating food intake, body weight, and energy homeostasis.

claimLeptin functions include the modulation of inflammatory responses and aspects of humoral and cell-mediated responses of the adaptive immune system.

referenceLago R, Gomez R, Lago F, Gomez-Reino J, and Gualillo O published a review titled 'Leptin beyond body weight regulation--current concepts concerning its role in immune function and inflammation' in Cellular Immunology in 2008 (volume 252, issue 1-2, pages 139-145).

claimCirculating leptin levels are directly proportional to the amount of fat stores in the body.

claimHypertrophied adipose tissue contributes to an inflammatory state through four mechanisms: (1) altered adipokine secretion, specifically increased pro-inflammatory leptin and reduced anti-inflammatory adiponectin; (2) release of free fatty acids that induce systemic inflammation; (3) increased endoplasmic reticulum stress triggered by adipocyte expansion, leading to oxidative stress and inflammation; and (4) increased inflammatory gene expression and immune cell activation in hypoxic regions.

Extent and Health Consequences of Chronic Sleep Loss and ... - NCBI ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Colten HR, Altevogt BM · National Academies Press 9 facts

claimChin et al. (2003) noted that while continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) reduces leptin levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), it is unknown if this affects the effectiveness of leptin's actions.

claimIndividuals with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) may be predisposed to lower effective levels of appetite-suppressing hormones due to either leptin resistance or disturbances in the diurnal variability of leptin.

claimPatel et al. (2004) found that morning leptin levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are relatively lower than their evening levels.

measurementA small randomized, cross-over clinical trial found that sleep restriction was associated with lower leptin levels and higher ghrelin levels (Spiegel et al., 2004).

claimPatients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) generally have higher levels of leptin, an appetite-suppressing hormone, than control groups.

referenceSpiegel, Tasali, Penev, and Van Cauter found that sleep curtailment in healthy young men is associated with decreased leptin levels, elevated ghrelin levels, and increased hunger and appetite, as published in the Annals of Internal Medicine in 2004.

measurementIn patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), morning leptin levels are relatively lower than evening levels.

claimSleep insufficiency increases appetite by lowering levels of leptin (an appetite-suppressing hormone produced by adipose tissue) and raising levels of ghrelin (an appetite-stimulating peptide), according to a study by Taheri et al. (2004).

claimSleep insufficiency is associated with lower levels of leptin (an appetite-suppressing hormone produced by adipose tissue) and higher levels of ghrelin (a peptide that stimulates appetite), which suggests a hormonally mediated increase in appetite explains the link between short sleep and obesity (Taheri et al., 2004).

Why Is Sleep Important for Our Mental and Physical Health? insightspsychology.org Insights Psychology Oct 29, 2024 2 facts

claimLack of sleep disrupts the balance of the hormones ghrelin, which stimulates hunger, and leptin, which signals fullness.

claimInsufficient sleep increases ghrelin levels and decreases leptin levels, causing individuals to feel hungrier and less satisfied after meals.

The Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Your Body - Healthline healthline.com Healthline Aug 23, 2024 2 facts

claimLeptin is a hormone that signals to the brain that the body has had enough to eat.

claimSleep deprivation causes the brain to reduce levels of leptin and raise levels of ghrelin, which is an appetite stimulant.

7 Major Organ Systems: Functions and Connections instituteofhumananatomy.com Institute of Human Anatomy Nov 23, 2025 2 facts

claimLeptin, a hormone produced by fat cells, signals the hypothalamus to regulate appetite and body weight.

claimThe endocrine system regulates digestion and metabolism through hormones such as gastrin, cholecystokinin (CCK), ghrelin, and leptin.

Long-Term Effects of Chronic Sleep Deprivation empowersleep.com Empower Sleep Mar 15, 2023 1 fact

claimChronic sleep deprivation increases the risk of obesity and weight gain by disrupting the balance of appetite-regulating hormones leptin and ghrelin, which leads to increased hunger and food consumption.

Short- and long-term health consequences of sleep disruption dovepress.com Goran Medic, Micheline Wille, Michiel EH Hemels · Dove Press May 19, 2017 1 fact

claimSleep abnormalities lead to metabolic changes including decreased leptin and increased ghrelin, which may contribute to increased appetite.

How Sleep Works: Understanding the Science of Sleep sleepfoundation.org Sleep Foundation Jul 8, 2025 1 fact

claimSleep affects the production of growth hormone, leptin, and ghrelin, which regulate appetite and may influence sleep-wake homeostasis and circadian rhythms.

Why Sleep Matters: Consequences of Sleep Deficiency sleep.hms.harvard.edu Harvard Medical School 1 fact

claimInsufficient sleep is associated with lower levels of leptin, a hormone that signals satiety to the brain, and higher levels of ghrelin, a biochemical that stimulates appetite.

Altered State of Consciousness | Springer Nature Link link.springer.com Springer Sep 17, 2025 1 fact

referenceS. Taheri, L. Lin, D. Austin, T. Young, and E. Mignot published 'Short sleep duration is associated with reduced leptin, elevated ghrelin, and increased body mass index' in PLoS Medicine in 2004.

Western pattern diet - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org Wikipedia 1 fact

claimThe Western pattern diet is positively correlated with plasma biomarkers that may mediate obesity, specifically HDL cholesterol, high levels of fasting insulin, and leptin.

Sleep Deprivation and Deficiency - How Sleep Affects Your Health nhlbi.nih.gov National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Jun 15, 2022 1 fact

claimSleep deficiency increases ghrelin levels and decreases leptin levels, which causes increased feelings of hunger.

Seasonal Changes of Serum Gonadotropins and Testosterone in ... frontiersin.org Frontiers Jan 9, 2020 1 fact

referencePerry et al. (2000) studied the relationship of testosterone and leptin in older African-American men to age, strength, function, and season.

Physiology of Sleep - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf - NIH ncbi.nlm.nih.gov National Library of Medicine 1 fact

claimShort sleep duration is associated with reduced leptin, elevated ghrelin, and increased body mass index, according to a 2004 study by Taheri et al. published in PLoS Medicine.