Senegal

dietary diversity

Dietary diversity is a key metric studied within Senegal, where research links it to household outcomes in rice-producing communities [1], health assessments in local food systems [2], and specific regional disparities in Tessekere [3], [4]. — 5 supporting facts

self-rated health

Justification not yet generated — showing supporting facts

• Participants are incrementally less likely to declare bad health when residing in Oyapock (French Guiana), Estarreja (Portugal), or the Caribbean Coast (Guadeloupe) as opposed to Tessekere (Senegal).
• The study titled 'Associations between dietary diversity and self-rated health in a transverse study of four local food systems (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Portugal and Senegal)' was published in BMC Public Health in 2025.
• P. Duboz, G. Boëtsch, L. Gueye, and E. Macia published the study 'Self-rated health in Senegal: A comparison between urban and rural areas' in PLoS ONE in 2017 (Volume 12, Issue 9, article e0184416), edited by J.P. Van Wouwe.
• The study 'Associations between dietary diversity and self-rated health in a transverse study of four local food systems (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Portugal and Senegal)' examines dietary diversity and self-rated health across four specific local food systems: French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Portugal, and Senegal.
• Self-rated health is lower among women, the elderly, people who do not prepare their meals at home, people in Tessekere (Senegal), and people with lower dietary diversity.

obesity

The relationship between obesity and Senegal is established through epidemiological studies comparing obesity prevalence in the Ferlo region to other areas [1], [2], and research by Macia et al. (2017) examining body size perceptions and obesity trends across urban and rural Senegal [3]. — 3 supporting facts

diabetes

The relationship is established by studies comparing the prevalence of diabetes in the Ferlo region of Senegal to other global locations, as noted in [1] and [2]. — 2 supporting facts

Tessekere

Justification not yet generated — showing supporting facts

• The PC1 gradient distinguishes the dietary patterns of Tessekere (Senegal) from those of the Caribbean Coast (Guadeloupe) and Oyapock (French Guiana).
• Participants are incrementally less likely to declare bad health when residing in Oyapock (French Guiana), Estarreja (Portugal), or the Caribbean Coast (Guadeloupe) as opposed to Tessekere (Senegal).
• Participants in Tessekere (Senegal) reported more consumption of '10. fish and shellfish' than participants in Estarreja (Portugal) and Caribbean Coast (Guadeloupe).
• A Kruskal-Wallis test found statistically significant differences in average household size (p < 0.01), ranging from large households (over 9 individuals) in Tessekere (Senegal) to small households (2 to 3 individuals) in the Caribbean Coast (Guadeloupe) and Estarreja (Portugal).
• Participants in Tessekere (Senegal) reported lower or absent consumption of '9. Eggs', '7. Meat', '8. processed meat', '16. sentinel fried and salty foods', and '18. alcoholic beverage' compared to other regions.
• In Tessekere (Senegal), approximately one-fifth of study participants identified as homemakers.
• In Estarreja (Portugal) and Oyapock (French Guiana), agriculture was an important activity for participants, while livestock farming was the most important occupation in Tessekere (Senegal).
• Participants from Tessekere, Senegal, were more likely to declare bad health compared to participants from the other three regions studied.
• The proportion of participants consuming a meal outside the home during the 24-hour recall period was 40.38% in Caribbean Coast (Guadeloupe) and 17.82% in Tessekere (Senegal).
• 60.39% of participants from Tessekere (Senegal) rated their health as “poor” or “passable,” which was the highest proportion among all regions studied.
• One participant from Tessekere (Senegal) reported not eating for 24 hours and was included in the study analysis.
• The population of Tessekere in the Ferlo region of Senegal had a significantly lower dietary diversity score compared to the other three regions studied.
• Roughly half of the study participants lived in a conjugal union, except for participants from Tessekere (Senegal), where the majority (> 90%) lived in a conjugal union.
• Tessekere (Senegal) had the highest proportion of participants in the lowest tercile of dietary diversity and no participants in the highest tercile.
• Participants from Tessekere (Senegal) cluster together based on an increased citation of food items in groups ‘10. fish and shellfish’, ‘14. oils and fats’, ‘11. pulses’ and ‘15. sentinel sweet foods and beverages’, a pattern labeled “animal protein of aquatic origin and high fiber”.
• Tessekere (Senegal) participants had the lowest mean Dietary Diversity Score compared to other regions.
• Participants in Tessekere (Senegal) did not cite the consumption of '6. organ meat', '16. sentinel fried and salty foods', or '18. alcoholic beverages'.
• The majority of participants across all study regions reported preparing meals very frequently or all the time, with the highest frequency in Estarreja (Portugal) and the lowest (under half) in Tessekere (Senegal).
• The ranking of mean Dietary Diversity Scores by region, from highest to lowest, is Caribbean Coast (Guadeloupe), Oyapock (French Guiana), Estarreja (Portugal), and Tessekere (Senegal).
• Participants in Tessekere (Senegal) had the highest citation rate for '11. pulses', while participants from Caribbean Coast (Guadeloupe) cited '5. ripe fruits' the most.
• Self-rated health is lower among women, the elderly, people who do not prepare their meals at home, people in Tessekere (Senegal), and people with lower dietary diversity.

Guadeloupe

Justification not yet generated — showing supporting facts

• The PC1 gradient distinguishes the dietary patterns of Tessekere (Senegal) from those of the Caribbean Coast (Guadeloupe) and Oyapock (French Guiana).
• Participants are incrementally less likely to declare bad health when residing in Oyapock (French Guiana), Estarreja (Portugal), or the Caribbean Coast (Guadeloupe) as opposed to Tessekere (Senegal).
• Participants in Tessekere (Senegal) reported more consumption of '10. fish and shellfish' than participants in Estarreja (Portugal) and Caribbean Coast (Guadeloupe).
• The study titled 'Associations between dietary diversity and self-rated health in a transverse study of four local food systems (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Portugal and Senegal)' was published in BMC Public Health in 2025.
• The study was conducted across four Human-Environment Observatories (OHM): OHMi-Tessekere (Senegal), OHMi-Estarreja (Portugal), OHM-Littoral Caraïbe (Guadeloupe), and OHM-Oyapock (French Guiana).
• A Kruskal-Wallis test found statistically significant differences in average household size (p < 0.01), ranging from large households (over 9 individuals) in Tessekere (Senegal) to small households (2 to 3 individuals) in the Caribbean Coast (Guadeloupe) and Estarreja (Portugal).
• The proportion of participants consuming a meal outside the home during the 24-hour recall period was 40.38% in Caribbean Coast (Guadeloupe) and 17.82% in Tessekere (Senegal).
• The prevalence of diabetes and obesity is higher in French Guiana and Guadeloupe compared to northern Portugal and the Ferlo region of Senegal, and these rates are among the highest in all of France.
• The study 'Associations between dietary diversity and self-rated health in a transverse study of four local food systems (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Portugal and Senegal)' examines dietary diversity and self-rated health across four specific local food systems: French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Portugal, and Senegal.
• The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between food consumption and subjective health across four distinct socio-ecosystems in Portugal, Senegal, French Guiana, and Guadeloupe.
• The study interviewed 465 individuals aged 18 years and older from Senegal, French Guiana, Guadeloupe, and Portugal using 24-hour dietary recalls and non-probability sampling methods.
• The article 'Associations between dietary diversity and self-rated health in a transverse study of four local food systems (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Portugal and Senegal)' is identified by the DOI https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21872-8.
• The study conducted a transverse comparison of foods consumed in four local socio-ecosystems: French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Portugal, and Senegal, using 24-hour dietary recalls.
• The study authors conducted data collection and analysis in specific geographic fields: PD, AK, and EM in Senegal; RR, PJL, and MR in Guadeloupe; DD and JL in French Guiana; and JPB, EFS, NED, and MR in Portugal.
• The ranking of mean Dietary Diversity Scores by region, from highest to lowest, is Caribbean Coast (Guadeloupe), Oyapock (French Guiana), Estarreja (Portugal), and Tessekere (Senegal).
• The study conducted interviews and dietary assessments at four specific locations during 2023: OHMi Tessekere (Senegal) from 26/05/2023 to 20/07/2023; OHMi Estarreja (Portugal) from 23/03/2023 to 15/10/2023; OHM Littoral-Caraïbe (Guadeloupe) from 19/03/2023 to 27/09/2023; and OHM Oyapock (French Guiana) from 04/04/2023 to 21/06/2023.
• Participants in Tessekere (Senegal) had the highest citation rate for '11. pulses', while participants from Caribbean Coast (Guadeloupe) cited '5. ripe fruits' the most.

Portugal

Justification not yet generated — showing supporting facts

• Participants are incrementally less likely to declare bad health when residing in Oyapock (French Guiana), Estarreja (Portugal), or the Caribbean Coast (Guadeloupe) as opposed to Tessekere (Senegal).
• Participants in Tessekere (Senegal) reported more consumption of '10. fish and shellfish' than participants in Estarreja (Portugal) and Caribbean Coast (Guadeloupe).
• The study titled 'Associations between dietary diversity and self-rated health in a transverse study of four local food systems (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Portugal and Senegal)' was published in BMC Public Health in 2025.
• The study was conducted across four Human-Environment Observatories (OHM): OHMi-Tessekere (Senegal), OHMi-Estarreja (Portugal), OHM-Littoral Caraïbe (Guadeloupe), and OHM-Oyapock (French Guiana).
• A Kruskal-Wallis test found statistically significant differences in average household size (p < 0.01), ranging from large households (over 9 individuals) in Tessekere (Senegal) to small households (2 to 3 individuals) in the Caribbean Coast (Guadeloupe) and Estarreja (Portugal).
• In Estarreja (Portugal) and Oyapock (French Guiana), agriculture was an important activity for participants, while livestock farming was the most important occupation in Tessekere (Senegal).
• The study 'Associations between dietary diversity and self-rated health in a transverse study of four local food systems (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Portugal and Senegal)' examines dietary diversity and self-rated health across four specific local food systems: French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Portugal, and Senegal.
• The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between food consumption and subjective health across four distinct socio-ecosystems in Portugal, Senegal, French Guiana, and Guadeloupe.
• The study interviewed 465 individuals aged 18 years and older from Senegal, French Guiana, Guadeloupe, and Portugal using 24-hour dietary recalls and non-probability sampling methods.
• The article 'Associations between dietary diversity and self-rated health in a transverse study of four local food systems (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Portugal and Senegal)' is identified by the DOI https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21872-8.
• The majority of participants across all study regions reported preparing meals very frequently or all the time, with the highest frequency in Estarreja (Portugal) and the lowest (under half) in Tessekere (Senegal).
• The study conducted a transverse comparison of foods consumed in four local socio-ecosystems: French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Portugal, and Senegal, using 24-hour dietary recalls.
• The study authors conducted data collection and analysis in specific geographic fields: PD, AK, and EM in Senegal; RR, PJL, and MR in Guadeloupe; DD and JL in French Guiana; and JPB, EFS, NED, and MR in Portugal.
• The ranking of mean Dietary Diversity Scores by region, from highest to lowest, is Caribbean Coast (Guadeloupe), Oyapock (French Guiana), Estarreja (Portugal), and Tessekere (Senegal).
• The study conducted interviews and dietary assessments at four specific locations during 2023: OHMi Tessekere (Senegal) from 26/05/2023 to 20/07/2023; OHMi Estarreja (Portugal) from 23/03/2023 to 15/10/2023; OHM Littoral-Caraïbe (Guadeloupe) from 19/03/2023 to 27/09/2023; and OHM Oyapock (French Guiana) from 04/04/2023 to 21/06/2023.

French Guiana

Justification not yet generated — showing supporting facts

• The PC1 gradient distinguishes the dietary patterns of Tessekere (Senegal) from those of the Caribbean Coast (Guadeloupe) and Oyapock (French Guiana).
• Participants are incrementally less likely to declare bad health when residing in Oyapock (French Guiana), Estarreja (Portugal), or the Caribbean Coast (Guadeloupe) as opposed to Tessekere (Senegal).
• The study titled 'Associations between dietary diversity and self-rated health in a transverse study of four local food systems (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Portugal and Senegal)' was published in BMC Public Health in 2025.
• The study was conducted across four Human-Environment Observatories (OHM): OHMi-Tessekere (Senegal), OHMi-Estarreja (Portugal), OHM-Littoral Caraïbe (Guadeloupe), and OHM-Oyapock (French Guiana).
• In Estarreja (Portugal) and Oyapock (French Guiana), agriculture was an important activity for participants, while livestock farming was the most important occupation in Tessekere (Senegal).
• The prevalence of diabetes and obesity is higher in French Guiana and Guadeloupe compared to northern Portugal and the Ferlo region of Senegal, and these rates are among the highest in all of France.
• The study 'Associations between dietary diversity and self-rated health in a transverse study of four local food systems (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Portugal and Senegal)' examines dietary diversity and self-rated health across four specific local food systems: French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Portugal, and Senegal.
• The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between food consumption and subjective health across four distinct socio-ecosystems in Portugal, Senegal, French Guiana, and Guadeloupe.
• The study interviewed 465 individuals aged 18 years and older from Senegal, French Guiana, Guadeloupe, and Portugal using 24-hour dietary recalls and non-probability sampling methods.
• The article 'Associations between dietary diversity and self-rated health in a transverse study of four local food systems (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Portugal and Senegal)' is identified by the DOI https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21872-8.
• The study conducted a transverse comparison of foods consumed in four local socio-ecosystems: French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Portugal, and Senegal, using 24-hour dietary recalls.
• The study authors conducted data collection and analysis in specific geographic fields: PD, AK, and EM in Senegal; RR, PJL, and MR in Guadeloupe; DD and JL in French Guiana; and JPB, EFS, NED, and MR in Portugal.
• The ranking of mean Dietary Diversity Scores by region, from highest to lowest, is Caribbean Coast (Guadeloupe), Oyapock (French Guiana), Estarreja (Portugal), and Tessekere (Senegal).
• The study conducted interviews and dietary assessments at four specific locations during 2023: OHMi Tessekere (Senegal) from 26/05/2023 to 20/07/2023; OHMi Estarreja (Portugal) from 23/03/2023 to 15/10/2023; OHM Littoral-Caraïbe (Guadeloupe) from 19/03/2023 to 27/09/2023; and OHM Oyapock (French Guiana) from 04/04/2023 to 21/06/2023.