Coherentism

foundationalism

Justification not yet generated — showing supporting facts

• Proponents of virtue epistemology claim that it offers advantages such as bypassing disputes between foundationalists and coherentists regarding cognitive structure, avoiding skeptical worries, avoiding the impasse between internalism and externalism, and broadening the range of epistemological inquiry to include values like understanding and wisdom.
• Coherentism is typically defended by attacking foundationalism as a viable alternative, specifically by arguing that no beliefs or too few beliefs enjoy the epistemic privilege essential to foundationalism.
• Foundherentism is an epistemological theory that attempts to reconcile foundationalism and coherentism by combining a set of beliefs that have an externally established foundation with internal relationships between those beliefs.
• Explanationists argue that their theory avoids the problems associated with standard foundationalism and pure coherentism while incorporating the attractive features of both.
• Ernest Sosa attempts to resolve the conflict between foundationalism and coherentism by proposing an externalist version of foundationalism.
• Ernest Sosa argued that appealing to intellectual virtue could resolve the conflict between foundationalists and coherentists regarding the structure of epistemic justification.
• Notable approaches to explaining the epistemic standard include evidentialism, strong/modest foundationalism, coherentism, explanationism, infinitism, virtue responsibilism, virtue reliabilism, process reliabilism, and proper functionalism.
• Robert Audi published 'Foundationalism, Coherentism, and Epistemological Dogmatism' in the journal Philosophical Perspectives in 1988.
• In his 1980 paper "The Raft and the Pyramid," Ernest Sosa argued that an appeal to intellectual virtue could resolve the conflict between foundationalists and coherentists regarding the structure of epistemic justification.
• Edmund Gettier developed counterexamples to the traditional account of knowledge as justified true belief in 1963, which prompted the development of competing theories like coherentism and foundationalism.
• Ernest Sosa applied his 'virtue perspectivism' to resolve disputes in contemporary epistemology, including debates between foundationalists and coherentists, and between internalists and externalists.
• Virtue epistemology is not mutually exclusive with foundationalism or coherentism, but rather offers a different perspective on debates regarding the nature and security of knowledge.
• Susan Haack argues that foundationalism is prone to arbitrariness, while coherentism is prone to circularity.
• Foundherentism is an intermediary position that combines elements of foundationalism and coherentism by accepting the distinction between basic and non-basic beliefs while asserting that the justification of non-basic beliefs depends on coherence with other beliefs.
• Coherentism and foundationalism are rival theories in modern epistemology, and both aim to address the problem of infinite regress.
• Foundationalism and coherentism in epistemology focus on the structure of justification and belief.
• Infinitism is a theory of justification that posits that the structure of justification is neither foundationalist nor coherentist, but rather consists of an infinite number of appropriately structured, available reasons upon which a justified belief rests.
• Ernest Sosa's initial appeal to intellectual virtue in his essay “The Raft and the Pyramid” was intended to resolve the dispute between foundationalism and coherentism regarding the structure of epistemic justification.
• Coherentists characterize the logical structure of reasons for belief in terms of doxastic coherence relations, whereas foundationalists characterize it in terms of relations between foundational beliefs and the beliefs they support.
• Coherentists and foundationalists generally agree that justification for believing a claim requires having a good reason for thinking that the claim is true, but they disagree on the logical structure of that reason.
• Susan Haack's 'A Foundherentist Theory of Empirical Justification' attempts to combine coherentism and foundationalism into an internalist account of justification that she argues is superior to either theory alone.
• Virtue epistemology differs from foundationalism and coherentism by beginning with the notion of personal intellectual virtue to build a normative account of beliefs, whereas the other two focus on the properties of beliefs themselves.
• The 'compromise position' in epistemology attempts to bridge foundationalism and coherentism by arguing that perceptual experiences are a source of justification because a subject has justification for taking those experiences to be reliable, without requiring the subject to hold a belief that attributes reliability to those experiences.
• The conflict between foundationalism and coherentism is fundamentally a conflict between dependence coherentism and independence foundationalism.
• Philosophers who support the use of intuition and a priori reasoning for moral knowledge debate whether the resulting justification is coherentist or foundationalist.
• Infinitism is an epistemological theory that accepts the idea that all justifications require further justifications, effectively rejecting the infinite regress constraints of both coherentism and foundationalism.
• Ernest Sosa suggested in a paper that virtue might resolve the intractable disputes between coherentists and foundationalists.

justification

Coherentism is a central epistemological theory that defines the nature and structure of justification [1], [2], [3]. It posits that justification arises from the mutual support and coherence of a belief system rather than from foundational beliefs [4], [5], [6]. — 18 supporting facts

belief

Coherentism is an epistemological theory that defines the justification of a [belief] based on its membership within a mutually supportive, holistic system of other beliefs, as described in [1], [2], and [3]. This relationship is further evidenced by the theory's focus on the structural requirements for a [belief] to be considered valid within a web-like system of interconnected propositions [4], [5], and [6]. — 14 supporting facts

epistemology

Coherentism is a central theory within the field of epistemology that addresses the structure of justification and belief [1], [2]. It is frequently discussed in relation to other epistemological theories like foundationalism and infinitism to resolve problems such as infinite regress [3], [4]. — 9 supporting facts

knowledge

Coherentism is a theory developed to address the nature of knowledge, specifically as a response to the limitations of traditional justified true belief accounts [1]. It defines knowledge as a web-like structure of justification [2] and is frequently discussed alongside other epistemological frameworks that examine the security and definition of knowledge [3]. — 3 supporting facts

Virtue epistemology

Virtue epistemology is related to coherentism as they are both primary frameworks in epistemology that debate the nature of knowledge [1]. Virtue epistemology is often contrasted with coherentism because it shifts the focus from the properties of beliefs to personal intellectual virtues [2], while also serving as a framework that attempts to bypass the traditional disputes between foundationalists and coherentists [3]. — 3 supporting facts