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• Leafy vegetables including Amaranthus graecizans, Portulaca oleracea, and Solanum nigrum are good sources of protein and minerals, specifically calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn).
• Wild edible plants serve as sources of carbohydrates, proteins, and fibers, and are rich in vitamins and minerals including vitamin A, vitamin C, zinc, iron, calcium, iodine, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, and folate.
• Hemp grains, which are edible seeds harvested for human or animal consumption, contain approximately 5.6% minerals (calcium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus), 25% protein, 28% total dietary fiber, and more than 30% oil.
• Uddin et al. (2012) reported that mature leaves of Portulaca oleracea contain high amounts of calcium, iron, and zinc. Wenzel et al. (1990) further identified that Portulaca oleracea shoots are abundant in omega-3 fatty acid, α-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, β-carotene, and glutathione, making the plant a source of minerals, vitamins, and antioxidants for functional foods and nutraceutical applications.
• Plants serve as sources of essential minerals including calcium, iron, magnesium, and zinc, which are crucial for maintaining human health.
• Common minerals analyzed in medicinal plants include calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, and nitrogen, which contribute to bone health, immune function, enzyme activation, and antioxidant defense mechanisms.
• The ELD-I dietary index showed significant differences of small magnitude for polyunsaturated fatty acids (ALA, DHA, and EPA+DHA), vitamins (A, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, B-6, D, and E), and minerals (iodine, magnesium, potassium, selenium, copper, and calcium).
• Essential minerals such as calcium, magnesium, potassium, and iron are present in the studied medicinal plants and contribute to promoting overall health and vitality.