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perceptual beliefs
Also known as: ordinary perceptual beliefs, perceptual belief, perceptual beliefs, perceptually-based beliefs, perceptually-based belief
Facts (21)
Sources
Epistemology of Testimony | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy iep.utm.edu 12 facts
claimGreen (2006) argues that testimonially-, memorially-, and perceptually-based beliefs are on an epistemic par, meaning the set of explanations for the epistemic status of beliefs from these three sources displays the same structure.
claimCritics of Alvin Plantinga and Robert Audi argue that testimonially-based beliefs can check or trump perceptually- or memorially-based beliefs, such as when an individual seeks confirmation from others after observing a strange phenomenon.
claimPerceptually-based beliefs are susceptible to deception, as demonstrated by the existence of fake objects, meaning that agency can influence a perceptual environment just as it influences a testimonial one.
claimChristopher Green (2006) argues that humans possess the freedom to reject perceptually-based beliefs, noting that individuals can easily entertain skeptical scenarios such as being a brain in a vat.
perspectiveGraham argues that the reasons to adopt the PER principle, rather than viewing perceptual beliefs as inferential, are parallel to the reasons to adopt the TEST principle.
claimThe argument that free actions are particularly indeterministic suggests that the environment for testimonially-based beliefs cannot be as regular and law-governed as the environment for perceptually-based beliefs.
claimGreen argues that transforming testimonially-based beliefs into perceptually-based beliefs requires treating the testifier as a machine, similar to a telescope.
claimFaulkner and Lackey argue that human freedom is a factor that distinguishes perceptually-based beliefs from testimonially-based beliefs.
claimIf the possibility of deception necessitates that a subject (S) requires positive reasons to believe a testifier (T), then there is an equally strong reason to require that a subject (S) have positive reasons to believe that the objects of their perceptually-based beliefs are genuine.
claimA perceptually-based belief is formed when an individual observes an object, such as seeing a chair in a room.
claimThe action of trusting a testifier is taken in a self-aware way, which distinguishes it from the formation of a perceptually-based belief.
claimSome liberals support lenient principles for testimonially-based beliefs based on their similarity to principles governing perceptually-based beliefs.
Epistemology - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy plato.stanford.edu Dec 14, 2005 6 facts
claimExperiential foundationalism posits that ordinary perceptual beliefs are justified by the perceptual experiences that give rise to them.
claimAccording to the compromise position, a perceptual experience (E) alone is insufficient to justify a perceptual belief; it must be accompanied by track-record memories (M) that provide justification for considering the experience reliable.
claimPerceptual experiences do not arbitrate between dependence coherentism and independence foundationalism because both theories appeal to perceptual experiences to explain why perceptual beliefs are justified.
claimOne line of criticism against experiential foundationalism is that perceptual experiences lack propositional content, meaning the relationship between a perceptual belief and the experience that causes it is purely causal rather than justificatory.
claimInternalists argue that perceptual experiences can serve as a source of justification because it is a necessary truth that certain perceptual experiences justify certain perceptual beliefs, regardless of whether those experiences are reliable.
claimPrivilege foundationalism faces difficulty in accounting for the justification of ordinary perceptual beliefs because such beliefs are typically not based on further beliefs about one's own perceptual experiences.
Virtue Epistemology - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy plato.stanford.edu Jul 9, 1999 1 fact
measurementIn studies of perceptual and memorial beliefs, people attribute knowledge at a rate of approximately 80%, regardless of whether the agent is correct 10% or 90% of the time.
Social Epistemology – Introduction to Philosophy - Rebus Press press.rebus.community 1 fact
claimNon-reductionists argue that testimonial beliefs are justified without non-testimonial evidence, asserting that they are justified in the same way perceptual beliefs are justified without inference.
Virtue epistemology - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org 1 fact
claimCoherentism struggles to accommodate the importance of perceptual information because perceptual beliefs may lack sufficient logical ties to other beliefs within a system.