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anterior cingulate cortex
Also known as: ACC, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, Acc, dACC, anterior cingulate, anterior cingulate area
Facts (40)
Sources
Self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-transcendence (S-ART) frontiersin.org 22 facts
referenceBrain areas implicated in prosociality, empathic concern, and experience sharing include the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS), and inferior parietal lobule (IPL), as cited by Singer and Lamm (2009), Frith and Frith (2012), Fan et al. (2011), and Roy et al. (2012).
referenceTang et al. (2010) found that short-term meditation induces white matter changes in the anterior cingulate, as published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.
referenceB. K. Holzel, U. Ott, H. Hempel, A. Hackl, K. Wolf, R. Stark, et al. published a 2007 study in Neuroscience Letters regarding the differential engagement of the anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators.
claimStudies using the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) as a seed have found increased connectivity with the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) at rest, and increased connectivity with the dorsal ACC during meditation.
claimBressler and Menon (2010) propose that salience processing by the anterior insular cortex (AIC) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) plays a causal role in switching between task-positive and task-negative networks.
measurementZeidan et al. (2011) found that right anterior insular cortex (AIC) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) activity negatively correlated with pain intensity, while orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) activity negatively correlated with pain unpleasantness.
claimThe anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is involved in a supervisory role and deciphering conflicting information.
referenceThe fronto-parietal control system (FPCS) consists of the rostral frontopolar prefrontal cortex (FPC), right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC), dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), anterior insular cortex (AIC), lateral cerebellum, and anterior inferior parietal lobe (aIPL).
claimThe right DLPFC, dorsal ACC, and the temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) are associated with modulating and maintaining response readiness in preparation for an impending stimulus.
claimThe dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and the insula are the three most widely cited brain areas showing activity and gross morphological change during and in response to Focused Attention (FA) and Open Monitoring (OM) meditation training.
claimThe dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and anterior mid-cingulate cortex (aMCC) are recruited in the cognitive-evaluative form of empathy.
referenceThe dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) modulate the physiological and behavioral expression of fear and are critical in extinction and reconsolidation, as reported by Quirk et al. (2010).
referenceThe dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) positively correlates with sympathetic activity related to fear expression, whereas the ventral ACC (including the perigenual ACC and VMPFC) is associated with the inhibition of expression during extinction and the recall of extinction of fear after extinguishing prior conditioned associations, as reported by Etkin et al. (2011).
claimThe right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) are thought to act in an executive capacity, potentially responsible for vigilance, alertness, monitoring performance, and regulating arousal levels.
claimThe human anterior insular cortex (AIC) integrates higher-order social, emotional, motivational, and cognitive components of subjective feeling states through functional and anatomical connectivity with the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), ventral medial pre-frontal cortex (VMPFC), and lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC).
measurementHolzel et al. (2007) showed strong activity in both the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) during specific tasks.
measurementEleven hours of Integrated Body Mind Training (IBMT) over one month resulted in increased structural connectivity, indicated by increased fractional anisotropy in white matter connecting the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) to other cortical and subcortical structures.
measurementAcross nine different Mindfulness-Based Intervention (MBI) studies, MRI research has found differences in gray matter (GM) volume and density in the dorsal and rostral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) compared to non-meditating controls, suggesting a prominent role for the Frontoparietal Control Network (FPCN).
claimCritchley et al. (2004) demonstrated that the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) plays a strong role in mediating the conscious appraisal of emotional experience.
referenceSubdivisions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) implicated in emotion and cognitive control processes, including decision-making, appraisal, and impulse control, include the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC).
referenceEtkin, Egner, and Kalisch (2011) reviewed emotional processing in the anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortex in Trends in Cognitive Sciences.
measurementZen meditators exhibit increased cortical thickness in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) that positively correlates with lower pain sensitivity, suggesting an ability to monitor and express emotions related to pain without high negative valence, according to Grant et al. (2010a).
The Mechanisms of Psychedelic Visionary Experiences - Frontiers frontiersin.org Sep 27, 2017 9 facts
referenceA 2016 meta-analysis by Fox et al. of 78 neuroimaging studies found that focused attention meditation produced significant activation in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), alongside deactivation of the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and the posterior inferior parietal lobule.
referenceThe integrated cognitive and emotional functions of the dorsal and ventral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) function as a 'life simulator' that uses past experiences to explore anticipated social events and future scenarios, according to Washington and VanMeter (2015).
referenceThe ventral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) has strong connections to limbic structures (amygdala, hippocampus), cortical areas mediating limbic structures (orbitofrontal cortex and anterior insula), the periaqueductal gray, the nucleus accumbens, and the hypothalamus, giving it a central role in assessing and mediating emotionally salient stimuli, as stated by Washington and VanMeter (2015).
referenceThe anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) provides a locus for the interaction between the default mode network (DMN) and the mirror neuron system (MNS), as reported by Uddin et al. (2007).
claimEgoless experiences, measured as 'oceanic boundlessness,' are associated with alterations in the frontolimbic-parieto-striatal network and are positively correlated with cerebral glucose metabolism in Default Mode Network regions (anterior cingulate cortex, hippocampus, inferior parietal cortex) and prefrontal cortex areas (frontomedial superior, frontolateral, and left inferolateral).
claimEpileptic seizures, including complex partial, generalized tonic-clonic, and absence seizures, impair primary nodes of the Default Mode Network (DMN), specifically the precuneus/PCC, medial frontal cortex, lateral parietal cortex, and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), resulting in long-lasting decreases in DMN activity.
referenceThe 2016 review by dos Santos et al. reported a decrease in functional connectivity between key hubs of the Default Mode Network (DMN), specifically noting a reduction in connectivity between the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC).
referenceHigh-hypnotizability subjects exhibit greater decreases in Default Mode Network (DMN) activity, particularly in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and reduced connectivity between the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and the Executive Control Network, according to a 2017 study by Jiang et al.
referenceWashington and VanMeter (2015) characterized the connectivity between the dorsal and ventral regions of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the dorsal and ventral areas of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) as the most anterior area of functional connectivity within the default mode network (DMN).
Protocol for testing global neuronal workspace and integrated ... journals.plos.org 2 facts
procedureTo silence cortical activity in mice, researchers will inject a virus carrying the Cre-dependent red-shifted opsin ChrimsonR (or a similar red-shifted excitatory opsin) into the anterior cingulate area (ACA) and orbitofrontal cortex (ORB) regions of a pan-inhibitory reporter line (Slc32a1-Cre, also known as Vgat-ires-Cre).
referenceKissinger et al. (2024) identified distinctive neurophysiological signatures of analgesia after inflammatory pain in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of freely moving mice.
Neuroimaging in psychedelic drug development: past, present, and ... nature.com Sep 27, 2023 1 fact
measurementAn open-label study of patients with major depressive disorder reported reductions in glutamate and N-Acetylaspartate concentrations in the anterior cingulate cortex, as measured by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS), following psilocybin treatment.
EdinburghNLP/awesome-hallucination-detection - GitHub github.com 1 fact
measurementThe Concept-7 dataset is used to evaluate hallucinatory instruction classification using metrics including AUC, ACC, F1, and PEA.
Large Language Models Meet Knowledge Graphs for Question ... arxiv.org Sep 22, 2025 1 fact
referenceThe InteractiveKBQA method, proposed by Xiong et al. in 2024, uses Multi-turn Interaction for Observation and Thinking with GPT-4-Turbo, Mistral-7B, and Llama-2-13B models and Freebase, Wikidata, and Movie KG knowledge graphs for KBQA and domain-specific QA, evaluated using F1, Hits@1, EM, and Acc metrics on the WQSP, CWQ, KQA Pro, and MetaQA datasets.
Psychedelics and Consciousness: Distinctions, Demarcations, and ... ouci.dntb.gov.ua 1 fact
referenceWhite et al. published 'Anterior cingulate cortex input to the claustrum is required for top-down action control' in Cell Reports, which identifies the role of the anterior cingulate cortex and claustrum in action control.
Psychedelic Drugs News - ScienceDaily sciencedaily.com 1 fact
claimUniversity of Pennsylvania researchers found that psilocybin can calm brain circuits tied to pain and mood by working in the anterior cingulate cortex, which eases both physical suffering and emotional distress in animal studies.
Detecting and Evaluating Medical Hallucinations in Large Vision ... arxiv.org Jun 14, 2024 1 fact
claimThe ACC (Accuracy) metric directly measures correctness but is only suitable for evaluating short, fine-grained texts, failing to intuitively measure LVLM output when content is complex, multi-dimensional, or belongs to long texts.
Resolving the evolutionary paradox of consciousness link.springer.com Apr 1, 2024 1 fact
claimThe human brain's 'pain matrix' includes the thalamus, the primary and secondary somatosensory cortices, the insular cortex, the anterior cingulate cortex, and the prefrontal cortex.