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• The 1941 National Nutrition Conference on Defence announced the first recommended dietary allowances (RDAs), which provided guidelines for total calories and specific nutrients including protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, and vitamins.
• The EAT-Lancet Index (ELI), which uses semi-quantitative scores, shows positive associations with polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamins D and E, but negative associations with protein, B-complex vitamins, phosphorus, calcium, and iron.
• Leafy vegetables including Amaranthus graecizans, Portulaca oleracea, and Solanum nigrum are good sources of protein and minerals, specifically calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn).
• Hemp grains, which are edible seeds harvested for human or animal consumption, contain approximately 5.6% minerals (calcium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus), 25% protein, 28% total dietary fiber, and more than 30% oil.
• Diets in rural Ethiopia are often deficient in protein and micronutrients such as iron (Fe), calcium (Ca), and vitamin A, according to Sheehy et al. (2019) and Baye et al. (2019).
• The HSDI and ELDS indices, which are based on binary scoring, correlated inversely with several nutrients including protein, DHA, EPA+DHA, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, vitamin B-6, vitamin B-12, vitamin D, iodine, phosphorus, zinc, calcium, and iron.
• Amaranthus viridis and Hibiscus sabdariffa are important providers of protein, fatty acids, iron, magnesium, calcium, and zinc.