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Justification is a core subject of study within epistemology, as the field is defined by the analysis of knowledge and the conditions required for beliefs to be considered justified [1], [2], [3]. Epistemologists actively debate the nature, sources, and structure of justification, including whether it is internal or external to the believer [4], [5], [6].
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What Is Epistemology? Pt. 3: The Nature of Justification and Belief philosimplicity.com 9 facts
claimMost epistemologists conclude that known things cannot be false because knowledge requires that beliefs be both justified and true.
claimThe Internal-External (IE) debate is a major contemporary debate in epistemology concerning whether justification for beliefs comes from internal mental states or external conditions.
claimInternalism and externalism in epistemology focus on the sources of justification and belief.
claimFoundationalism and coherentism in epistemology focus on the structure of justification and belief.
claimFoundationalism is an epistemological theory that focuses on the structure of justification rather than its source, asserting that self-evident axioms or basic beliefs are necessary to support other justifications and beliefs.
claimCoherentism is an epistemological theory that evaluates the validity of a belief or justification based on how well it relates to and validates other beliefs and justifications.
claimEpistemological positions are not mutually exclusive; for example, an individual can be an externalist regarding knowledge while being an internalist regarding justification, or simultaneously a fallibilist and a foundationalist.
claimInfinitism is an epistemological theory that accepts the idea that all justifications require further justifications, effectively rejecting the infinite regress constraints of both coherentism and foundationalism.
claimInternalists in epistemology only accept internal justifications for beliefs.
Epistemology - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy plato.stanford.edu 9 facts
claimReliabilism is a view in epistemology which asserts that a belief is justified if and only if it originates in reliable cognitive processes or faculties.
claimEpistemology as the study of justified belief addresses the concept of justification, what makes beliefs justified, and whether justification is internal or external to the mind.
claimThe role of justification in epistemology is to ensure that a true belief is not true merely by accident, which is accomplished when a true belief instantiates the property of proper probabilification.
perspectiveThe dominant contemporary view in epistemology is that the deontological understanding of justification is unsuitable for the purposes of the field.
claimExperiential foundationalism is a theory in epistemology that posits perceptual experiences as a source of justification, which coherentists challenge by asking why perceptual experiences serve this function (the J-question).
claimThe 'compromise position' in epistemology asserts that for perceptual experiences to serve as a source of justification, an individual must possess justification for believing those experiences are reliable, rather than necessarily having considered and formed a belief about their reliability.
claimIn epistemology, the term 'justification' is often used in a technical sense that deviates from ordinary usage to better suit the needs of the field.
claimIn contemporary epistemology, there is an ongoing debate between internalists and externalists regarding whether justification is internal or external.
claimThe 'compromise position' in epistemology attempts to bridge foundationalism and coherentism by arguing that perceptual experiences are a source of justification because a subject has justification for taking those experiences to be reliable, without requiring the subject to hold a belief that attributes reliability to those experiences.
Epistemology | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy iep.utm.edu 4 facts
claimInternalism is an epistemological view maintaining that the justification of a belief depends solely on factors internal to the believer's mind, such as their thought processes during the belief's formation.
claimIn epistemology, a belief must be both true and justified to constitute knowledge.
claimThe 'generality problem' in epistemology posits that because cognitive processes can be described at various levels of generality, it is difficult to determine whether a specific process is reliable or unreliable, making it impossible to know if a belief is justified without knowing the appropriate level of generality to use.
claimExternalism is the epistemological view that factors external to a believer's mind determine whether that believer is justified.
Epistemology - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org 4 facts
claimEpistemology includes a view that a belief is justified if it is formed through a reliable belief formation process, such as perception.
claimEpistemologists study the concepts of belief, truth, and justification to understand the nature of knowledge.
claimThe trilemma in epistemology distinguishes three methods for providing reasons for a statement: finding a justification that requires no further reason, using circular reasoning by repeating a previously stated justification, or providing an infinite chain of justification.
claimIn epistemology, justification is defined as a property of beliefs that adhere to specific norms regarding what a person should believe.
Epistemic Justification – Introduction to Philosophy: Epistemology press.rebus.community 2 facts
claimEpistemologists use the terms 'internalist' and 'externalist' to distinguish whether a theory requires a person to cognitively access or be aware of the factors that make their belief justified; theories requiring such access are 'internalist,' while those that do not are 'externalist.'
claimThe view that justification does not entail truth is a position in epistemology.
Epistemology of Testimony | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy iep.utm.edu 2 facts
claimEpistemology involves assigning statuses such as 'knowledge' or 'justification' to beliefs based on whether those beliefs meet specific epistemic standards.
claimSome epistemologists are skeptical of the 'fake barn case,' arguing that these cases do not clearly demonstrate a failure of justification or knowledge.
Understanding epistemology and its key approaches in research cefcambodia.com 2 facts
referenceMatthias Steup authored the entry 'Epistemology from A to Z [Justification]' in the book 'A companion to epistemology' (2nd Edition), published by Blackwell Publishing in 2010.
referenceMoser (2009) defines epistemology as the study of the nature of knowledge and justification, specifically regarding defining components, substantive conditions or sources, and the limits of knowledge and justification.
Social Epistemology - Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science oecs.mit.edu 1 fact
claimEpistemology is defined as the study of knowledge and related phenomena, including attitudes like belief and trust, attributes like justification and reliability, and intellectual traits such as humility or arrogance.
Virtue Epistemology | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy iep.utm.edu 1 fact
claimLorraine Code claims that an adequate conception of intellectual virtues cannot be achieved through standard methodologies of contemporary epistemology, which she believes are too narrow and overemphasize abstract doxastic properties like knowledge and justification.
Virtue Epistemology - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy plato.stanford.edu 1 fact
referenceDeborah L. Black examines certitude, justification, and knowledge principles in Avicenna's epistemology in her 2013 chapter 'Certitude, justification, and the principles of knowledge in Avicenna’s epistemology', published in 'Interpreting Avicenna' by Cambridge University Press.
Virtue epistemology - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org 1 fact
claimVirtue epistemology attempts to solve problems in modern epistemology, such as justification and reliabilism, by focusing on the knower as an agent, similar to how virtue ethics focuses on moral agents.
7.1 What Epistemology Studies - Introduction to Philosophy | OpenStax openstax.org 1 fact
claimEpistemology is defined as the study of knowledge, focusing on what knowledge is, the types of knowledge that exist, the possibility and nature of justification, the sources of beliefs, and the nature of truth.