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psychedelic drugs
Also known as: psychedelics, psychedelic drug
Facts (44)
Sources
Neuroimaging in psychedelic drug development: past, present, and ... nature.com Sep 27, 2023 10 facts
claimNeuroscience studies on psychedelic drugs have primarily utilized functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), with ancillary research employing Magnetoencephalography (MEG) or Electroencephalography (EEG).
measurementClinical effects of psychedelic drugs have a rapid onset within 24–48 hours and can persist for up to one year post-dosing.
claimResearchers can utilize questionnaires from previous psychedelic drug trials, MEG, and EEG-based measures of neuroplasticity as supplementary tools alongside primary imaging techniques to study psychedelic drug effects.
referenceCumming et al. (2021) published a review in Molecules regarding molecular and functional imaging studies of psychedelic drug action in animals and humans.
claimModern era studies on psychedelic drugs have primarily focused on safety, tolerability, and the evaluation of acute effects in healthy subjects using neuroscience methods.
claimMeasurement of drug plasma concentration is critical for the comparison of dosing protocols and routes of administration in studies of classic and novel psychedelic drugs.
claimInteractions between conventional psychiatric treatments like SSRIs and psychedelic drugs can occur at multiple levels, including peripheral pharmacokinetic interactions, central pharmacokinetic interactions (such as competition at the 5-HT2AR), or pharmacodynamic interactions affecting second messenger systems or neuroplasticity.
claimEarly-phase (I/IIa) clinical trials for psychedelic drugs typically utilize healthy subjects, though follow-up studies with clinical populations or inclusion of neuroscientific measures in later-phase trials are desirable.
claimNo published study has yet examined both acute and longer-term effects of psychedelic drugs on the brain within the same cohort of subjects.
referenceJ.J.H. Rucker, J. Iliff, and David J. Nutt published 'Psychiatry & the psychedelic drugs. Past, present & future' in the journal Neuropharmacology in 2018.
Psychedelics, Sociality, and Human Evolution frontiersin.org 7 facts
referenceHeal, Gosden, and Smith published 'Evaluating the abuse potential of psychedelic drugs as part of the safety pharmacology assessment for medical use in humans' in Neuropharmacology in 2018.
referenceL. R. Swanson published 'Unifying theories of psychedelic drug effects' in Frontiers in Pharmacology in 2018.
referenceF. X. Vollenweider and K. H. Preller's 2020 review in Nature Reviews Neuroscience covers the neurobiology of psychedelic drugs and their potential for treating psychiatric disorders.
referencePreller and Vollenweider (2016) authored 'Phenomenology, structure, and dynamic of psychedelic states' in the book 'Behavioral Neurobiology of Psychedelic Drugs', which examines the subjective and biological nature of psychedelic experiences.
referenceRick J. Strassman published a review of the literature regarding adverse reactions to psychedelic drugs in the Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease in 1984.
referenceCarhart-Harris et al. (2014) proposed 'The entropic brain' theory, which models conscious states using neuroimaging research on psychedelic drugs.
referenceCarhart-Harris and Goodwin (2017) reviewed the therapeutic potential of psychedelic drugs, covering past, present, and future applications in the journal Neuropsychopharmacology.
The Montreal model: an integrative biomedical-psychedelic ... frontiersin.org 5 facts
referenceNichols et al. (2022) proposed a consensus statement regarding the definition of psychedelic drugs.
claimThe Acceptance/Avoidance-Promoting Experiences Questionnaire (APEQ) is a theory-based approach used to assess the effects of psychedelic drugs on psychological flexibility.
claimEmotional breakthroughs are among the most robust predictors of clinical benefits derived from psychedelic drug use.
referenceDai, Larkin, Huang, Tarnal, Picton, Vlisides, et al. published 'Classical and non-classical psychedelic drugs induce common network changes in human cortex' in Neuroimage in 2023 (doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120097), identifying shared cortical network changes.
claimNearly all psychotherapies involve the mobilization and expression of emotions toward therapeutic ends, a process that psychedelic drugs are known to facilitate by evoking strong emotions.
Published Studies — Johns Hopkins Center for Psychedelic and ... hopkinspsychedelic.org 4 facts
referenceThe systematic review 'Predicting Reactions to Psychedelic Drugs: A Systematic Review of States and Traits Related to Acute Drug Effects' by J. S. Aday, A. K. Davis, C. M. Mitzkovitz, E. M. Bloesch, and C. C. Davoli was published in ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science in 2021.
referenceLuoma, J. B., Pilecki, B., Davis, A. K. & Smith, S. M. published a study titled 'Comparative Pharmacology and Circuit-Level Models of the Effects of Psychedelic Drugs on the Human Brain' in the journal Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging in 2022.
referenceDavis, A. K., Agin-Liebes, G., España, M., Pilecki, B., and Luoma, J. B. published 'Attitudes and Beliefs about the Therapeutic Use of Psychedelic Drugs among Psychologists in the United States' in the Journal of Psychoactive Drugs in 2021.
referenceA systematic review was conducted to evaluate the long-term effects of psychedelic drugs.
Psychedelic Drugs News - ScienceDaily sciencedaily.com 4 facts
claimA class of psychedelic drugs binds to and activates serotonin receptors to produce potential therapeutic effects in patients.
claimScientists have developed a new tool to track the neurons and molecules activated in the brain by psychedelic drugs, which may help unlock the benefits of psychedelic treatments for patients with brain disorders.
claimPsychedelic drugs interact with serotonin receptors to potentially produce therapeutic benefits, according to research reported by ScienceDaily.
claimPsychedelic drug-induced hyperconnectivity in the human brain helps clarify altered subjective experiences, according to research reported by ScienceDaily.
The Mechanisms of Psychedelic Visionary Experiences - Frontiers frontiersin.org Sep 27, 2017 3 facts
referenceBouso et al. (2015) reported that long-term use of psychedelic drugs is associated with differences in brain structure and personality in humans, as published in the European Neuropsychopharmacology journal.
claimPsychedelic drugs produce characteristic effects on neuronal activity and consciousness by influencing a range of neurotransmitter systems.
claimActivities such as long-distance running, food and water deprivation, sleep loss, and auditory stimuli like drumming and chanting elicit a driving response in the brain similar to that caused by psychedelic drugs.
Ancient Roots of Today's Emerging Renaissance in ... link.springer.com 3 facts
referenceSiegel et al. (2021) compiled a list of registered clinical studies investigating the use of psychedelic drugs for psychiatric disorders.
referenceRucker, Iliff, and Nutt (2018) provide an overview of the past, present, and future of psychiatry and psychedelic drugs.
referenceRobin L. Carhart-Harris, Robert Leech, Peter Hellyer, Murray Shanahan, Amanda Feilding, Enzo Tagliazucci, Dante R. Chialvo, and David Nutt proposed 'The Entropic Brain' theory, which uses neuroimaging research with psychedelic drugs to explain conscious states.
Effects of psychedelics on neurogenesis and broader neuroplasticity link.springer.com Dec 19, 2024 3 facts
claimThe neurobiology of psychedelic drugs has implications for the treatment of mood disorders, as discussed by Vollenweider and Kometer in a 2010 review in Nature Reviews Neuroscience.
claimThe substituted phenethylamine 25I-NBOMe is a psychedelic drug.
claimThe substituted amphetamine 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) is a psychedelic drug.
“Plants of the Gods” and their hallucinogenic powers in ... surgicalneurologyint.com Jul 19, 2021 2 facts
accountTimothy Leary, Richard Alpert (also known as Baba Ram Dass), and Andrew Weil experimented with various psychedelic drugs while associated with Harvard University.
accountTimothy Leary and Richard Alpert were fired from Harvard University following their experimentation with psychedelic drugs.
History and Current Status of Psychedelics and Entactogens ... - NCBI ncbi.nlm.nih.gov 2 facts
claimAlternative terms proposed for psychedelic drugs include 'hallucinogen,' 'entheogen' (accessing the divine within), 'allucinari' (mind journeying, mind wandering, mind traveling), 'psychotomimetic,' 'mysticomimetic,' and 'phantasticant.'
claimAldous Huxley, author of Brave New World, was a proponent of psychedelic drugs during the 1950s, particularly for facilitating the transition of individuals at the end of life.
The History of Psychedelics and Neuroscience events.umich.edu 1 fact
claimPsychedelic drugs are currently used as tools in modern neuroscience to investigate the neural correlates and causes of consciousness.