concept

orbitofrontal cortex

Also known as: OFC, orbitofrontal complex, ORB

Facts (18)

Sources

Impact of sleep duration on executive function and brain structure nature.com Nature Mar 3, 2022 8 facts

measurementVolume in 56 brain regions significantly predicted executive function, while volume in 46 brain regions showed a significant quadratic relationship with sleep duration; 41 of these brain regions overlapped, including the hippocampi, thalami, orbitofrontal cortex, right frontal pole, left parahippocampal gyri, and cerebellar regions.

claimIndividuals who sleep between six and eight hours per day exhibit significantly greater grey matter volume in 46 of 139 brain regions, including the orbitofrontal cortex, hippocampi, precentral gyrus, right frontal pole, and cerebellar subfields.

claimForty-one brain regions, including the hippocampi, thalami, orbitofrontal cortex, right frontal pole, left parahippocampal gyri, and cerebellar regions, showed both a significant quadratic relationship with sleep duration and predictive power for executive function.

referencePrevious cross-sectional studies in middle-to-older individuals have linked extreme sleep durations with ventricular enlargement, smaller orbitofrontal cortex and precuneus volume, and thinner inferior occipital gyrus.

measurementIn a study of 37,553 UK Biobank participants, 46 brain regions were significantly larger in volume in individuals who slept between six and eight hours compared to those with other sleep durations, including the orbital frontal cortex, pre-and post-central gyri, right frontal pole, hippocampi, and thalami.

claimA whole-brain study identified that longer sleep duration is associated with a thinner cortex in the left inferior occipital gyrus, while shorter sleep duration is associated with a smaller orbitofrontal cortex and precuneus.

claimA whole brain approach study identified that shorter sleep duration is related to a smaller orbitofrontal cortex and precuneus.

claimWhen comparing individuals sleeping six to eight hours against those sleeping less than six hours, the six-to-eight hour group had larger volumes in seven regions: the orbitofrontal cortex and precentral gyrus bilaterally, the right frontal pole, the right posterior cingulate, and the right amygdala.

Self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-transcendence (S-ART) frontiersin.org Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 4 facts

measurementZeidan et al. (2011) found that right anterior insular cortex (AIC) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) activity negatively correlated with pain intensity, while orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) activity negatively correlated with pain unpleasantness.

claimNon-guided meditation studies show significant increased activations in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), suggesting effects related to attentional focus and tonic intentional activity.

measurementStudies on mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) have found differences in gray matter (GM) volume and density in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) in meditators compared to non-meditating controls using MRI.

referenceSubdivisions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) implicated in emotion and cognitive control processes, including decision-making, appraisal, and impulse control, include the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC).

The function(s) of consciousness: an evolutionary perspective frontiersin.org Frontiers in Psychology Nov 25, 2024 3 facts

claimHabitat navigation is linked to olfactory centers through connections to the hippocampus, memory, and the amygdala via the orbitofrontal complex, as noted by Jacobs (2012).

referenceThe paper 'Perspectives on olfactory processing, conscious perception, and orbitofrontal complex' by G. M. Shepherd was published in Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences in 2007.

referenceBechara, Damasio, and Damasio (2000) published 'Emotion, decision-making and the orbitofrontal cortex' in Cerebral Cortex.

Protocol for testing global neuronal workspace and integrated ... journals.plos.org PLOS ONE 2 facts

claimRed light is used for photoactivation in the described mouse model because it is less scattered by brain tissue, allowing it to reach deeper regions such as the orbitofrontal cortex (ORB) with higher power.

procedureTo silence cortical activity in mice, researchers will inject a virus carrying the Cre-dependent red-shifted opsin ChrimsonR (or a similar red-shifted excitatory opsin) into the anterior cingulate area (ACA) and orbitofrontal cortex (ORB) regions of a pan-inhibitory reporter line (Slc32a1-Cre, also known as Vgat-ires-Cre).

The Mechanisms of Psychedelic Visionary Experiences - Frontiers frontiersin.org Frontiers Sep 27, 2017 1 fact

referenceThe ventral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) has strong connections to limbic structures (amygdala, hippocampus), cortical areas mediating limbic structures (orbitofrontal cortex and anterior insula), the periaqueductal gray, the nucleus accumbens, and the hypothalamus, giving it a central role in assessing and mediating emotionally salient stimuli, as stated by Washington and VanMeter (2015).