measurement
A 2019 working paper found that the 2018-19 U.S. tariffs generated approximately $51 billion (about 0.27 percent of GDP) in losses for consumers and firms reliant on imported goods, with a net loss of about $7.2 billion (roughly 0.04 percent of GDP) after accounting for job gains in protected industries.
Authors
Sources
- Tariffs: Estimating the Economic Impact of the 2025 Measures and ... www.richmondfed.org via serper