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The relationship between belief and perceptual experience is central to epistemology, where perceptual experiences are frequently cited as the source of justification for beliefs [1], [2], and [3]. Various theories, such as dependence coherentism, experiential foundationalism, and the compromise position, debate whether beliefs require prior beliefs or can be directly justified by perceptual experiences [4], [5], [6], and [7].
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Epistemology - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy plato.stanford.edu 11 facts
claimDoxastic coherentism fails to explain changes in the justificatory status of a belief based on perceptual experience because it does not attribute epistemic relevance to perceptual experiences by themselves.
claimExperiential foundationalists who classify beliefs as basic cannot adopt the compromise position, as they must maintain that a perceptual experience (E) by itself is sufficient to make a belief (H) justified.
claimExperiential foundationalism asserts that a belief is justified by a mental state that is not a belief, specifically the perceptual experience that the belief is about.
claimUnder the compromise position, the justification for a belief (H) is the conjunction of the perceptual experience (E) and the track-record memories (M).
claimA belief (H) can be considered 'basic' under Dogmatic Foundationalism (DB) if the justification for (H) is owed solely to a perceptual experience (E) and track-record memories (M), provided neither (E) nor (M) includes any beliefs.
claimExplanatory coherentism is an epistemological approach where justification for a belief is derived from the belief being the best explanation for one's perceptual experiences.
claimTo test the validity of independence foundationalism, one can use thought experiments to conceive of a possible world where perceptual experience does not provide justification for belief, such as a scenario where seeing an object as blue provides no justification for believing it is blue.
claimThe 'compromise position' in epistemology asserts that for perceptual experiences to serve as a source of justification, an individual must possess justification for believing those experiences are reliable, rather than necessarily having considered and formed a belief about their reliability.
claimDependence coherentism rejects the requirement that justification must come in the form of beliefs, allowing instead for justification to come from introspective and memorial evidence, or from suitable perceptual experiences and memory content.
claimDependence coherentism allows for the possibility that a belief is justified solely by suitable perceptual experiences and memory content, rather than by receiving justification from other beliefs.
claimThe 'compromise position' in epistemology attempts to bridge foundationalism and coherentism by arguing that perceptual experiences are a source of justification because a subject has justification for taking those experiences to be reliable, without requiring the subject to hold a belief that attributes reliability to those experiences.
Epistemology - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org 2 facts
claimThe perceptual experience of rain serves as evidence for the belief that it is raining.
claimWhen evaluating the belief that a cup of coffee stands on a table, externalists focus on objective factors such as the quality of the person's eyesight, their ability to differentiate coffee from other beverages, and the circumstances of the observation, rather than the subjective perceptual experience.
Epistemology (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy/Fall 2019 Edition) plato.stanford.edu 1 fact
claimCoherentism asserts that for perceptual experiences to serve as a source of justification, an individual must have considered the matter and formed the belief that those experiences are reliable.