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Perception and justification are fundamentally linked in epistemology, as perception is widely categorized as a primary source or cognitive capacity that provides justification for beliefs [1], [2]. Various theories, such as reliabilism and experiential foundationalism, explicitly define justification as being derived from or supported by the reliability and nature of perception [3], [4], [5].
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Epistemology - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy plato.stanford.edu 3 facts
claimExperiential foundationalists argue that perception is a source of justification, which necessitates answering the 'J-question' regarding why perception serves as a source of justification.
claimIndependence foundationalism is a theory that views the status of perception as a source of justification as a matter of brute necessity, adopting an epistemic conception of basicality.
claimStandard reliabilism asserts that justification is derived from the reliability of the types of processes in which beliefs originate, such as perception, introspection, memory, and rational intuition, rather than the mere possession of evidence.
Epistemology - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org 3 facts
claimEpistemology includes a view that a belief is justified if it is formed through a reliable belief formation process, such as perception.
claimEpistemologists investigate sources of justification, including perception, introspection, memory, reason, and testimony, to discover how knowledge arises.
claimSources of justification are cognitive capacities or methods through which people acquire justification, with commonly discussed sources including perception, introspection, memory, reason, and testimony.
Epistemological Problems of Testimony plato.stanford.edu 2 facts
perspectiveThomas Reid (1983) argues that whatever reasons exist for considering perception a basic source of justification also apply to testimony as a basic source of justification.
claimEpistemologists debate whether testimony is a basic source of justification or if it can be reduced to other epistemic sources like perception, memory, and inference.
Epistemology of Testimony | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy iep.utm.edu 1 fact
quotePeter Graham states: "That a source is a source of defeaters for beliefs from another source, or even from itself, does not show that the other source depends for justification on inferential support from another source, or even itself. … The fact that my perception defeats your testimony does not show that testimony is inferential and not direct. Indeed, the fact that testimony-based beliefs sometimes defeat perceptual beliefs does not show that testimony is prior to perception."