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Bertrand Russell
Also known as: Russell
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Panpsychism - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org 16 facts
quoteBertrand Russell stated: "physics describes 'certain equations giving abstract properties of their changes'."
claimRussellian monism is a type of neutral monism attributed to Bertrand Russell, also referred to as Russell's panpsychism or Russell's neutral monism.
claimBertrand Russell attempted to solve the problem of substance, which is a form of the problem of infinite regress, alongside the problem of consciousness.
claimDavid Chalmers writes in 'The Conscious Mind' that in some instances, the differences between Russell's neutral monism and his own property dualism are merely semantic.
claimBertrand Russell believed that all causal properties are extrinsic manifestations of identical intrinsic properties, which he termed 'quiddities'.
referenceAndrew David Irvine authored the entry 'Bertrand Russell' for The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, edited by Edward N. Zalta and published by the Metaphysics Research Lab at Stanford University in 2020.
claimBertrand Russell argued that the conscious mind is a structure created by quiddities, which are the intrinsic properties corresponding to extrinsic physical properties.
claimBertrand Russell believed that the conscious mind is a structure formed by the corresponding and identical quiddities of matter.
claimBertrand Russell held neutral monist views that tended toward panpsychism.
quoteBertrand Russell stated: "When it comes to describing 'what it is that changes, and what it changes from and to—as to this, physics is silent'."
claimBertrand Russell argued that physics is mathematical because only mathematical properties are discoverable.
claimBertrand Russell concluded that consciousness is related to the extrinsic properties of matter and labeled these intrinsic properties "quiddities".
claimPanpsychism is one of the oldest philosophical theories and has been historically ascribed to philosophers including Thales, Plato, Spinoza, Leibniz, Schopenhauer, William James, Alfred North Whitehead, and Bertrand Russell.
quoteBertrand Russell stated: "it is only mathematical properties we can discover".
quoteBertrand Russell stated in 'An Outline of Philosophy' (1927): 'Physics is mathematical, not because we know so much about the physical world, but because we know so little: it is only its mathematical properties that we can discover. For the rest our knowledge is negative.'
claimGalen Strawson refers to Bertrand Russell's panpsychism as "realistic physicalism."
The Hard Problem of Consciousness | Springer Nature Link link.springer.com 11 facts
claimSpinoza’s pantheism, Leibniz’s monads, and the philosophy of Bertrand Russell are considered early examples of cosmological models that align with aspect dualism.
claimDaniel Stoljar proposes a non-standard materialist interpretation of Bertrand Russell's ideas to avoid the problems associated with panpsychism.
claimBertrand Russell (2007) proposes that physical and mental worlds are logical structures composed of "neutral stuff," a concept attributed to Dr. H. M. Sheffer.
quoteBertrand Russell stated: “Percepts are the only part of the physical world that we know otherwise than abstractly”.
claimDavid Chalmers attempts to define the physical by utilizing Bertrand Russell's observation that experience provides the only access to the intrinsic character of reality, contrasting it with the relational character of the physical described by causal laws.
claimVon Stillfried (2018) observes that a radical interpretation of Bertrand Russell's ideas regarding protophenomenal properties might be necessary to explain direct phenomenal judgements, potentially solving problems that epiphenomenalism and interactionism cannot.
claimAccording to Bertrand Russell's neutral monism, the intrinsic essence of reality is neither physical nor phenomenal.
claimBertrand Russell asserted that the structuralism of physical theory is incapable of grasping the intrinsic essence of things.
quoteBertrand Russell stated: "percepts are the only part of the physical world that we know otherwise than abstractly".
referenceBertrand Russell defines experience as incorrigible because it is 'intrinsic' in contrast to the relational description of physical properties.
referenceBertrand Russell published 'The analysis of matter' in 2007.
Panpsychism - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy plato.stanford.edu Jul 18, 2017 4 facts
claimThe 'Intrinsic Nature Argument' for panpsychism has historical roots in the works of Leibniz, Schopenhauer, Bertrand Russell (1927), and Alfred North Whitehead (1933 [1967]), and is supported by contemporary philosophers including T.L.S. Sprigge (1999), Galen Strawson (2003), and Philip Goff (2017).
quoteBertrand Russell stated in 1927: "Obviously there must be a limit to this process, or else all the things in the world will merely be each other’s washing."
claimHistorical proponents of panqualityism include William James (1904), Ernst Mach (1886), Bertrand Russell (1921), and Peter Unger (1999), with more recent defenses by Sam Coleman (2012, 2014, 2015, 2016).
claimBertrand Russell proposed a novel approach to the mind-body problem in his 1927 book, The Analysis of Matter.
Self-Consciousness - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy plato.stanford.edu Jul 13, 2017 3 facts
referenceBertrand Russell authored the book 'The Analysis of Mind', published by George Allen & Unwin in 1921.
claimBertrand Russell initially favored the idea that humans are acquainted with themselves in his early work, but by the 1920s, he endorsed a view more aligned with David Hume's skeptical account.
referenceBertrand Russell authored the paper 'Knowledge by Acquaintance and Knowledge by Description', published in the Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society in 1910.
Panpsychism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy/Fall 2025 Edition) plato.stanford.edu May 23, 2001 3 facts
claimA recent revival of interest in the approaches of Bertrand Russell and Arthur Eddington has led to a view known as Russellian monism.
claimWilliam James (1904), Ernst Mach (1886), Bertrand Russell (1921), David Armstrong (1961), and Peter Unger (1999) held versions of the panqualityist view.
quoteBertrand Russell wrote in 1927: "There are many possible ways of turning some things hitherto regarded as “real” into mere laws concerning the other things. Obviously there must be a limit to this process, or else all the things in the world will merely be each other’s washing."
Non-physicalist Theories of Consciousness cambridge.org Dec 20, 2023 2 facts
claimDual-aspect monism is also known as Russellian monism, named after Bertrand Russell, who defended many of its central claims in his works published in 1927 and 1948.
quoteBertrand Russell stated regarding physical objects that 'the truth must be strange,' a sentiment that is also applicable to theories of consciousness.
(PDF) Quantum Mechanics and Consciousness - Academia.edu academia.edu 1 fact
referenceBertrand Russell discussed the nature of matter in 'The Analysis of Matter', published in 1927.
PANPSYCHISM (Philosophy of Mind Series) - Amazon.com amazon.com 1 fact
claimBertrand Russell’s position, as presented in his book 'Analysis of Matter', is influential for many contributors to the book being reviewed.
Hard problem of consciousness - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org 1 fact
claimWilliam James, Alfred North Whitehead, Arthur Eddington, and Bertrand Russell defended forms of panpsychism and neutral monism in the early twentieth century.
Consciousness (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy/Fall 2025 ... plato.stanford.edu Jun 18, 2004 1 fact
claimNeutral monist property dualism posits that both conscious mental properties and physical properties are dependent upon and derivative from a more basic level of reality that is neither mental nor physical, as proposed by Bertrand Russell (1927) and Galen Strawson (1994).
Moving Forward on the Problem of Consciousness - David Chalmers consc.net 1 fact
claimBertrand Russell (1926), Grover Maxwell (1978), and Michael Lockwood (1989) developed the idea that physics characterizes basic entities only extrinsically through causes and effects, leaving their intrinsic nature unspecified.
Panpsychism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy/Fall 2015 Edition) plato.stanford.edu May 23, 2001 1 fact
claimMichael Lockwood (1991) developed an argument for panpsychism that combines ideas from Bertrand Russell's later philosophy with an interpretation of quantum physics.
David Chalmers - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org 1 fact
referenceBefore Saul Kripke's 1970 lecture series 'Naming and Necessity', the orthodoxy in philosophy of language was descriptivism, as advocated by Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell.