Knowledge Tree
reliability
Facts (53)
Sources
Epistemology of Testimony | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy iep.utm.edu 15 facts
claimGraham argues that proponents of the principles PER (perception) and MEM (memory) should reject the idea that a difference in the degree of reliability between sources constitutes a difference in epistemic kind.
claimTestimonial liberals who require evidence of reliability for knowledge or justification face an argument that they must also concede that lacking evidence of reliability results in a lack of knowledge or justification.
claimLaurence BonJour (1980, 2003) argues that if one accepts that knowledge or justification is defeated by evidence of unreliability or contrary evidence, one must also accept that it is defeated by a lack of evidence regarding the reliability of the source.
claimPeter Graham (2000c) argues that it is possible for testifiers to be generally unreliable even if they successfully interpret each other's statements, challenging the view that interpretation requires an assumption of reliability.
claimThe 'Not-Testimony' response posits that a hearer's belief is not based solely on a testifier's testimony, but also on additional signs or knowledge that indicate the testifier's reliability or unreliability.
claimTestimonial liberals who accept that a subject lacks justification or knowledge when they have evidence that a proposition is false or that a source is unreliable should also concede that the subject lacks knowledge or justification when they have no evidence that the source is reliable.
perspectiveEpistemological conservatives, following the approach of Laurence BonJour, argue that requiring a defeater condition for testimony without also requiring positive reasons to believe in the reliability of the testimony is inconsistent or an 'untenable half-way house.'
perspectiveEpistemologists debate whether a recipient of testimony must possess beliefs or inductive support regarding the reliability of the testifier to be justified in their belief, or if the testifier's actual reliability is sufficient.
perspectiveLaurence BonJour argues that requiring a defeater condition for testimonial knowledge without also requiring positive reasons to believe in the reliability of the testimony is an 'untenable half-way house.'
quoteRobert Audi states: "[W]e cannot test the reliability of one of these basic sources [that is, for Audi, a source like perception or memory, but not testimony] or even confirm an instance of it without relying on that very source. … With testimony, one can, in principle, check reliability using any of the standard basic sources."
claimThe epistemology of testimony investigates whether a recipient of testimony must possess beliefs about the reliability of the testifier or have inductive support for that reliability to be justified in their belief.
claimThe hypothesis that testimony is reliable receives tacit confirmation whenever observations match expectations that are based on the credibility of testimony, creating a cumulative effect that justifies trust in testimony.
claimLaurence BonJour uses the example of a person informed by a reliable clairvoyant faculty to argue that if knowledge is defeated by evidence of unreliability or contrary evidence, it should also be considered defeated if the person has no evidence that the faculty is reliable.
claimThe Humean approach to testimony holds that individuals infer the reliability of a present instance of testimony from the reliability of earlier instances.
claimPeter Graham (2000c) provides a counter-example to the necessity of reliability in interpretation by imagining a group of people who are honest and skilled at interpreting each other, but who hold mostly false beliefs about the world due to perceptual or memory failures.
Epistemology - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy plato.stanford.edu Dec 14, 2005 6 facts
claimThe compromise position posits that justification for attributing reliability to perceptual experiences consists of memories of past perceptual success.
claimReliability coherentism posits that for a subject to be justified in believing a hypothesis (H), the subject need not believe anything about the reliability of the belief's origin, but must have justification for believing that the belief's origin is reliable, specifically by having justification for propositions (1) and (3).
claimSome Non-traditional knowledge (NTK) theorists suggest that the Gettier problem can be addressed by refining the concept of reliability, such as indexing reliability to the subject's environment, which would explain why Henry's belief in the barn-facade case is not justified.
claimModerate naturalistic epistemology advocates for cooperation between traditional conceptual analysis and empirical methods, using conceptual analysis to link knowledge and reliability, and empirical methods to determine which cognitive processes are reliable.
claimDependence coherentism, also known as the compromise position, occurs when foundationalists attempt to answer the J-question by appealing to evidence that warrants the reliability of perceptual experiences.
claimDoxastic coherentism is criticized for making excessive intellectual demands on believers, as people do not normally form beliefs about the explanatory coherence of their beliefs or the reliability of their belief sources during everyday life.
KG-RAG: Bridging the Gap Between Knowledge and Creativity - arXiv arxiv.org May 20, 2024 4 facts
claimThe KG-RAG pipeline reduces the propensity for Large Language Model Agents to generate hallucinated content, thereby enhancing the reliability and factual accuracy of their responses.
claimThe KG-RAG framework ensures that the next generation of language model applications performs exceptionally across various domains while adhering to high standards of reliability and accuracy.
claimThe KG-RAG framework ensures that the next generation of language model applications performs exceptionally across various domains while adhering to high standards of reliability and accuracy.
claimThe KG-RAG pipeline reduces the propensity for Large Language Model Agents to generate hallucinated content, thereby enhancing the reliability and factual accuracy of their responses.
Virtue Epistemology - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy plato.stanford.edu Jul 9, 1999 4 facts
referenceJohn L. Pollock published 'Reliability and justified belief' in the Canadian Journal of Philosophy in 1984.
claimJohn Turri argues that if knowledge is considered an achievement, it should not require reliability, because no other type of achievement requires reliability.
referenceJason S. Baehr examines the relationship between character, reliability, and virtue epistemology in his 2006 paper 'Character, Reliability and Virtue Epistemology', published in The Philosophical Quarterly, 56(223): 193–212.
claimJohn Turri claims that no serious argument has been provided that knowledge requires reliability, noting that philosophers have typically relied on weak explanatory arguments or simply assumed that reliability is a necessary condition for knowledge.
Building Trustworthy NeuroSymbolic AI Systems - arXiv arxiv.org 3 facts
claimThe authors propose the CREST framework for achieving trustworthiness in Large Language Models, which stands for Consistency, Reliability, user-level Explainability, and Safety.
claimThe authors of the paper 'Building Trustworthy NeuroSymbolic AI Systems' argue that NeuroSymbolic AI is better suited for creating trusted AI systems than statistical or symbolic AI methods used in isolation, because trust requires consistency, reliability, explainability, and safety.
claimReliability is defined as the measure of the extent to which a human can trust the content generated by a Large Language Model.
Naturalized Epistemology - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy plato.stanford.edu Jul 5, 2001 2 facts
claimNaturalists in epistemology tend to focus on questions regarding whether we have knowledge in specific areas, whether we draw correct conclusions from evidence, and whether the processes we use are reliable.
claimTraditional epistemologists debate whether knowledge and justification require conclusive reasons, strong reasons, or if they rely on factors like reliability, causal connectedness, explanatory power, or wide acceptance.
Naturalistic Epistemology | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy iep.utm.edu 2 facts
claimNaturalistic epistemology evaluates inductive inference methods based on dimensions such as reliability.
claimInternalists hold that a belief is justified only if it is appropriately related to other mental states, whereas externalists hold that justification comes at least partly from external factors, such as the reliability of the process that generated the belief.
Social Epistemology – Introduction to Philosophy - Rebus Press press.rebus.community 2 facts
referenceShogenji (2006) argues that the reliability of testimony is tacitly confirmed as children learn to associate words, contexts of utterance, and truth.
claimThe reductionist view of testimony asserts that a person S1 is justified in believing a person S2's testimony that p if and only if S1 receives the testimony, S1 has inductive evidence based on observation that S2's testimony is reliable, and the proposition p is not defeated by other evidence S1 possesses.
Social Epistemology - Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science oecs.mit.edu Jul 24, 2024 2 facts
claimEpistemology is defined as the study of knowledge and related phenomena, including attitudes like belief and trust, attributes like justification and reliability, and intellectual traits such as humility or arrogance.
referenceIn Plato's Meno, a thought experiment involving a travel guide raises the question of whether a guide must possess actual knowledge to be reliable, or if merely having a true belief is sufficient for reliability (Cooper, 1997).
Epistemology | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy iep.utm.edu 2 facts
A Scoping Review of Indicators for Sustainable Healthy Diets frontiersin.org Jan 12, 2022 1 fact
referenceCIHEAM/FAO (2015) identify 'reliability' as a criterion for selecting indicators, assessing whether the indicator's underlying data collection and analysis methods are consistent across time and place.
The Impact of Open Source Software on Technological Innovation ... linkedin.com Jun 7, 2024 1 fact
claimThe inclusive nature of open-source software development accelerates problem-solving and enhances software security and reliability by allowing community members to quickly identify and fix vulnerabilities.
Naturalized epistemology - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org 1 fact
claimJaegwon Kim argues that modern epistemology is defined by the normative concepts of justification and reliability, and that removing these concepts eliminates the common sense meaning of knowledge.
Virtue Epistemology | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy iep.utm.edu 1 fact
perspectiveJames Montmarquet argues that the status of traits as intellectual virtues cannot be explained solely by their actual reliability or truth-conduciveness.
Building Better Agentic Systems with Neuro-Symbolic AI cutter.com Dec 10, 2025 1 fact
claimNeuro-symbolic AI addresses the need for reliability and accountability in agentic AI by combining the adaptability of neural networks with the structured reasoning of symbolic systems, allowing agents to interpret complex inputs while acting consistently within rules and constraints.
Building trustworthy NeuroSymbolic AI Systems: Consistency ... onlinelibrary.wiley.com Feb 14, 2024 1 fact
referenceThe CREST framework, introduced in the paper 'Building trustworthy NeuroSymbolic AI Systems: Consistency...', demonstrates how Consistency, Reliability, user-level Explainability, and Safety are built on NeuroSymbolic methods.
A Comprehensive Review of Neuro-symbolic AI for Robustness ... link.springer.com Dec 9, 2025 1 fact
referenceGaur, M. and Sheth, A. outlined the requirements for building trustworthy neuro-symbolic AI systems, specifically focusing on consistency, reliability, explainability, and safety.
LLM-empowered knowledge graph construction: A survey - arXiv arxiv.org Oct 23, 2025 1 fact
claimDespite progress in using Large Language Models for Knowledge Graph construction, significant challenges remain in the areas of scalability, reliability, and continual adaptation.
Virtue Epistemology - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy plato.stanford.edu Jul 9, 1999 1 fact
claimEmpirical studies indicate that the ordinary concept of knowledge does not treat reliability as a necessary condition for knowledge.
Epistemology (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy/Fall 2019 Edition) plato.stanford.edu Dec 14, 2005 1 fact
claimOne argument for the reasonableness of trusting testimony is that individuals accumulate a long track record of personal experiences with testimonial sources that serves as a sign of reliability.
What is Open Source? - Revenera revenera.com 1 fact
claimBenefits of Open Source Software include cost savings (as it is typically free), flexibility and freedom (allowing users to customize software), security and reliability (due to frequent review by numerous contributors), and community support and collaboration (driving continuous innovation).