Knowledge Tree
PET
Also known as: Positron Emission Tomography, positron emission tomography
Facts (25)
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Neuroimaging in psychedelic drug development: past, present, and ... nature.com Sep 27, 2023 18 facts
claimPET investigations have been used to understand the long-term effects of recreational MDMA and psychedelic use on serotonin brain markers, specifically serotonin transporters and 5-HT2A receptors.
claimThe proposed neuroimaging studies of psychedelics are feasible with current methods, such as combined PET/MR imaging systems and PET ligands, though they require significant resources and investment.
claimPET ligands [11C]UCB-J (targeting synaptic glycoprotein 2A, a marker of pre-synaptic terminals) and [18F]BCPP-EF (targeting mitochondrial complex 1, a marker of mitochondrial density) are used to assess neuroplasticity changes at a cellular/molecular level.
procedureResearchers propose using combined Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) methods, specifically using the 5-HT2A-selective ligand [11 C]Cimbi-36, to create a 'molecular-functional-clinical bridge' in understanding psychedelic effects.
procedureTo assess pharmacologic activity for novel neurologically-active compounds, researchers measure putative biomarkers of psychedelic response, such as brain network segregation or modularity using fMRI and/or PET neuroplasticity changes.
claimA study examined the relationship between 5-HT2AR binding measured with PET and long-term changes in personality factors.
claimThe higher concentration of mitochondria in post-synaptic terminals compared to pre-synaptic terminals suggests that PET ligands [11C]UCB-J and [18F]BCPP-EF may provide information about changes in both pre- and post-synaptic terminals.
claimNeuroimaging studies in psychedelic drug development can be adapted by using different PET ligands specific to the pharmacology of the compounds, utilizing other MRI modalities, or employing particular tasks and stimuli.
claimMRI-based techniques used to complement PET methods for assessing neuroplasticity include diffusion tensor imaging (for structural connectivity and microstructural tissue properties), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (for quantifying metabolite levels), and functional MRI (using task and resting-state paradigms).
claimPET occupancy studies, when combined with concentration-occupancy relationship data, allow for like-for-like comparisons between different psychedelic compounds.
claimResearchers have evaluated the downstream effects of psilocybin using [11C]raclopride PET to measure dopamine release and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose PET to measure changes in glycolysis and brain metabolism.
claimThe use of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) for molecular imaging of psychedelics has been limited by high costs, ethical and methodological difficulties, and a lack of suitable 5-HT2AR agonist PET radioligands.
claimStudies in psychedelic therapy rely on multimodal neuroimaging, specifically PET and MRI, combined with ancillary measures such as genotyping, subjective measures, pharmacokinetics, and EEG/MEG.
procedure[11C]CIMBI-36 PET can be used to establish the relationship between drug plasma concentration and 5-HT2AR occupancy.
claimMRI-based methods provide indirect measures of neuroplasticity changes compared to PET, but they offer complementary information regarding functional effects related to underlying molecular and synaptic changes.
claimMolecular imaging using the 5-HT2A agonist PET ligand [11C]CIMBI-36 can help elucidate the links between psychedelic dose and acute or longer-term clinically-relevant effects.
referenceA 2014 study in EJNMMI Research evaluated the brain distribution of [11C]GSK1034702, a muscarinic-1 (M1) positive allosteric modulator, using positron emission tomography.
claimThe utility of PET radioligands such as [18F]setoperone, [18F]altanserine, and [11C]MDL100907 is limited by methodological issues inherent in evaluating agonist compounds using antagonist PET radioligands.
Self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-transcendence (S-ART) frontiersin.org 2 facts
referenceFarrer et al. (2003) conducted a positron emission tomography study to modulate the experience of agency, titled 'Modulating the experience of agency: a positron emission tomography study' published in Neuroimage.
measurementPositron emission tomography (PET) data demonstrates increased endogenous dopamine release in the ventral striatum during Yoga Nidra meditation, a finding accompanied by a reported decrease in the desire for action (Kjaer et al., 2002).
Theories and Methods of Consciousness biomedres.us Jan 29, 2024 1 fact
claimPositron emission tomography (PET) scans are used to observe how the brain and its tissues are functioning.
Classification Schemes of Altered States of Consciousness - ORBi orbi.uliege.be 1 fact
referenceVollenweider, F.X., et al. (1997) published 'Metabolic hyperfrontality and psychopathology in the ketamine model of psychosis using positron emission tomography (PET) and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)' in European Neuropsychopharmacology, which investigates metabolic changes in the brain during ketamine-induced psychosis.
Non-physicalist Theories of Consciousness cambridge.org Dec 20, 2023 1 fact
claimBrain scanning techniques such as PET and fMRI have revealed detailed correlations between specific conscious states and brain states, such as the correlation between seeing red and activity in the visual cortex, or anxiety and an overactive amygdala.
Psychedelics and Consciousness: Distinctions, Demarcations, and ... ouci.dntb.gov.ua 1 fact
referenceVollenweider et al. published 'Positron emission tomography and fluorodeoxyglucose studies of metabolic hyperfrontality and psychopathology in the psilocybin model of psychosis' in Neuropsychopharmacology, which utilizes PET and FDG to study the psilocybin model of psychosis.
On Hallucinations in Artificial Intelligence–Generated Content ... jnm.snmjournals.org 1 fact
claimYu et al. enhanced the anatomic fidelity of denoised PET results by introducing structured text prompts that explicitly specify organs and anatomic structures in the image.