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nonhuman primates
Also known as: nonhuman primate, non-human primates, NHP, NHPs
Facts (31)
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Protocol for testing global neuronal workspace and integrated ... journals.plos.org 20 facts
procedureThe researchers will manipulate prefrontal cortex activity on a trial-to-trial basis using electrical stimulation in non-human primates and optogenetic silencing in mice.
procedureTo test the predictions of Integrated Information Theory (IIT), researchers will apply pairwise phase consistency analyses to neurons and LFPs significantly activated in response to stimuli in the window between 250 ms post-stimulus onset to stimulus offset for non-human primates (NHPs) and between 150 ms post-stimulus onset to stimulus offset for mice, compared to a baseline of 0β250 ms pre-stimulus onset.
procedureWhen decoding content-specific sensory regions, the researchers use recording data from the sensory region associated with the sensory content in the relevant trial, such as pITC (including PL), mITC (including ML) for faces in NHPs, and VISp for visual gratings in mice.
procedureIn non-human primates, the researchers will identify inferotemporal cortex (ITC) face patches by locating anatomical bumps on the lateral bank of the superior temporal sulcus.
procedureTo enable cross-species comparisons, the study protocol involves non-human primates (NHPs) and mice viewing or listening to supra-threshold visual or auditory stimuli for variable durations in a go-nogo task that controls for report confounds, while recording neuronal responses from visual, auditory, posterior parietal, and/or prefrontal cortical areas using Neuropixels electrodes.
procedureNon-human primates (NHPs) must maintain stable task performance with an overall accuracy of approximately 85% before proceeding to neuronal recordings.
procedureThe researchers will perform control trials in mice using manipulation outside the sensory stimulation epoch and using wild-type mice that do not express channelrhodopsin; for non-human primates, control trials will involve electrical stimulation during central fixation only.
procedureNon-human primates and mice perform a go-nogo behavioral task in which they must discriminate target stimuli from non-target relevant stimuli and from task-irrelevant stimuli.
procedureThe researchers will target brain areas in non-human primates (NHPs) using high-resolution structural MRI with an inversion-recovery prepared gradient echo sequence for 3D T1-weighted images.
procedureTo causally test predictions about the timing and location of the neural correlates of consciousness, the study protocol involves manipulating activity in prefrontal cortical regions using electrical stimulation in non-human primates or optogenetic silencing in mice.
procedureTo test the predictions of Global Neuronal Workspace Theory (GNWT), researchers will apply pairwise phase consistency analyses between significantly responsive neurons/LFPs (in the window 250β500 ms post-stimulus onset for NHPs and 150β400 ms post-stimulus onset in mice, compared to the baseline 0β250 ms pre-stimulus onset) and all other LFPs/neurons located in putative GNWT brain areas, based on the theory's prediction that early local sensory response is broadcast during ignition into the global workspace.
procedureTo test functional connectivity predictions, the researchers will calculate spike-LFP pairwise phase consistency for each area pair, comparing consistency at pre-stimulus onset (0β250 ms) with consistency during the stimulus onset window (250β500 ms post-stimulus onset for non-human primates; 150β400 ms post-stimulus onset for mice) and the stimulus duration window.
procedureIn non-human primates, the researchers will replace Neuropixels probes in the prefrontal cortex (areas 45/46) with linear electrode arrays (e.g., 24-contacts, 200 Β΅m spacing) for stimulation across cortical layers after completing simultaneous recordings from PFC and posterior cortical sites.
procedureOnce non-human primates demonstrate approximately 85% accuracy with a single test stimulus per trial, the protocol introduces a second test stimulus, requiring the animal to re-establish central fixation after responding to the first stimulus.
procedureThe training protocol for head-fixed non-human primates involves a stepwise process: first training the animal to maintain central fixation, then introducing a white peripheral circle to prompt saccades, and finally introducing green and red peripheral circles as target and distractor cues.
referenceTasserie et al. (2022) demonstrated that deep brain stimulation of the thalamus restores signatures of consciousness in a nonhuman primate model.
procedureThe researchers will semi-chronically implant up to five NHP-version Neuropixels probes in non-human primates using customized 3D-printed holders affixed to the skull, utilizing 10 mm probes for frontal sites and 45 mm probes for posterior sites.
procedureThe researchers will manipulate prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity from 0β0.5 seconds after stimulus onset in non-human primates and mice for irrelevant stimuli, using a single stimulus duration of 0.5 seconds.
procedureThe researchers will insert probes into the right hemisphere of non-human primates due to a potential right-hemispheric bias for face processing, while probes in mice will be inserted into the left hemisphere to utilize existing surgical and electrophysiological infrastructure.
procedureIn non-human primates, head post surgery is performed prior to behavioral training and involves attaching an acrylic head implant, head post, and recording chamber to the skull, starting with scalp preparation via hair removal and antiseptic cleansing, followed by a midline incision to expose the skull.
The role of Plant Foods in the evolution and Dispersal of early Humans kernsverlag.com Jul 30, 2022 3 facts
claimHigh copy numbers of the AMY1 gene (up to 30) and the resulting increased salivary amylase production correlate with the consumption of high-starch diets in contemporary human populations compared to non-human primates, which only possess two copy numbers.
referenceD. P. Watts published a review and synthesis regarding meat eating behaviors among nonhuman primates.
claimModern humans and Neanderthals possess abundant oral Streptococci bacteria, which are absent in non-human primates; these bacteria contain amylase-binding protein genes that capture salivary amylase for nutrition and dental adhesion.
A Synergistic Workspace for Human Consciousness Revealed by ... elifesciences.org 2 facts
claimA previous study using ECoG recordings in non-human primates demonstrated a broadband shift away from synergy during anaesthesia, which aligns with the authors' observed reduction in Ξ¦R (integrated information).
claimElectrical stimulation of the central thalamus in non-human primates can reliably induce awakening from anaesthesia, which is accompanied by the reversal of electrophysiological and fMRI markers of anaesthesia.
Attention - Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science - MIT oecs.mit.edu Jul 24, 2024 1 fact
claimAttention has been investigated across various species, including nonhuman primates (Cohen & Maunsell, 2011), rodents, birds, and bees (Eckstein et al., 2013; Sridharan et al., 2014; Wang & Krauzlis, 2018).
The Evolution of Human Nutrition carta.anthropogeny.org Dec 7, 2012 1 fact
claimFunctional data indicate that nonhuman primate microbial taxa play a larger role in protein metabolism than the microbes residing in the human gut.
To Follow the Real Early Human Diet, Eat Everything scientificamerican.com Jun 25, 2024 1 fact
claimNeandertals and modern humans possess a group of Streptococcus bacteria in their mouths that is absent in nonhuman primates.
Self-Consciousness - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy plato.stanford.edu Jul 13, 2017 1 fact
claimBennett L. Schwartz examined the question of whether nonhuman primates possess episodic memory in a 2005 publication.
The cross-cultural study of mind and behaviour: a word of caution link.springer.com Apr 8, 2022 1 fact
claimResearchers have debated the extent to which non-human animals, particularly non-human primates, possess a theory of mind (Call and Tomasello 2008; Premack and Woodruff 1978).
Psychedelics, Sociality, and Human Evolution frontiersin.org 1 fact
claimPsychedelics have little appeal to nonhuman primates and rodents and are considered a 'false negative' in self-administration research procedures.