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basic beliefs
Also known as: basic belief
Facts (40)
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Epistemology - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy plato.stanford.edu Dec 14, 2005 15 facts
claimPrivilege foundationalism classifies beliefs about external objects as nonbasic because such beliefs cannot possess the epistemic privilege required for the status of being basic.
claimThe belief 'It appears to me that that hat is blue' serves as an example of a potentially basic belief under the Doxastic Basicality (DB) definition, provided it does not owe its justification to any other beliefs held by the subject.
claimFor a foundationalist account of justification to be plausible, it must explain what makes basic beliefs justified and how basic beliefs justify nonbasic beliefs.
claimThe regress argument concludes that if justified beliefs exist, there must be basic beliefs that do not derive their justification from other beliefs.
claimExperiential foundationalism is less restrictive than privilege foundationalism because it allows beliefs about external objects to qualify as basic beliefs.
claimFoundationalism posits that justified beliefs are structured like a building, consisting of a foundation of basic beliefs and a superstructure of nonbasic beliefs that rely on the foundation for justification.
claimThe regress argument for foundationalism posits that for any justified belief (B1), if it is not basic, it must be justified by another belief (B2), which in turn requires justification, leading to an infinite chain or a loop unless the chain terminates in a basic belief.
claimExperiential foundationalism combines two crucial ideas: (i) when a justified belief is basic, its justification is not owed to any other belief; (ii) what in fact justifies basic beliefs are experiences.
formulaEpistemic Basicality (EB) defines a subject's justified belief that p as basic if and only if the subject's justification for believing that p does not depend on any justification the subject possesses for believing a further proposition, q.
claimIf foundationalists require a logical guarantee of contact with reality, they must assume that basic beliefs are infallible.
claimFoundationalism characterizes knowledge and justification as a structure resembling a building, where a superstructure rests upon a foundation of basic beliefs.
claimIndependence foundationalism defines a basic belief that p as a belief whose justification does not depend on having any justification for believing another proposition q, asserting that a basic belief's justification is completely independent of having justification for any other beliefs.
claimFoundationalists typically define the justificatory relation between basic and nonbasic beliefs as non-deductive, meaning a basic belief B justifies a nonbasic belief B* if B makes B* likely to be true, rather than requiring B to entail B*.
claimAccording to privilege foundationalism, basic beliefs are restricted to introspective beliefs about a subject's own mental states, such as perceptual experiences, having a headache, being tired, feeling pleasure, or having a desire.
claimCoherentism denies the existence of basic beliefs, construing the theory either as the denial of doxastic basicality or the denial of epistemic basicality.
Epistemic Justification – Introduction to Philosophy: Epistemology press.rebus.community 11 facts
claimFoundationalists argue that basic beliefs are justified by experiences rather than by other beliefs.
perspectiveModest foundationalism expands the category of basic beliefs to include beliefs formed immediately from sensory experiences, such as believing 'there is a tree' upon having a tree-like visual experience.
claimA foundational (basic) belief is a belief that is not formed on the basis of any other belief.
claimNon-basic beliefs require support from at least one basic belief.
perspectiveStrong foundationalists claim that the truth of basic beliefs is transparently evident within the experiences that elicit them.
perspectiveEvidentialist foundationalists agree that justification has a foundationalist structure and is supported by evidence, but they disagree on the specific mechanisms of justification for basic and non-basic beliefs.
claimA foundational belief (or basic belief) is defined as a belief that is not formed on the basis of other beliefs.
claimModest foundationalists claim that basic beliefs are any beliefs formed immediately upon having a non-doxastic experience, such as a sensory experience.
claimBasic beliefs about external objects, such as the belief that 'there is a tree,' are not infallible because they can be false, such as in cases of realistic dreams or hallucinations.
claimA non-basic belief is a belief that is formed on the basis of at least one foundational (basic) belief.
claimFoundationalists are epistemologists who believe that justification has a structure consisting of justified foundational (or basic) beliefs that serve as the epistemic foundation for justified non-basic beliefs.
Epistemology - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org 7 facts
claimFoundationalism defines a basic belief as a belief that is justified directly, without depending on the support of other beliefs.
claimCoherentism rejects the distinction between basic and non-basic beliefs, asserting that the justification of any belief depends on other beliefs.
claimFoundationalists maintain that the justification of basic beliefs does not depend on other beliefs.
claimClassical foundationalism requires that basic beliefs be self-evident or indubitable.
claimFoundationalism posits that basic beliefs serve as the foundation for all other knowledge, while non-basic beliefs act as a superstructure resting on that foundation.
claimIn foundationalism, the belief that it rained last night is considered a non-basic belief if it is inferred from the observation that the street is wet.
claimFoundherentism is an intermediary position that combines elements of foundationalism and coherentism by accepting the distinction between basic and non-basic beliefs while asserting that the justification of non-basic beliefs depends on coherence with other beliefs.
What Is Epistemology? Pt. 3: The Nature of Justification and Belief philosimplicity.com Oct 23, 2017 4 facts
perspectiveSome philosophers question how foundherentism differs from moderate forms of foundationalism that loosen the criteria for what constitutes a basic belief.
claimFoundationalism is an epistemological theory that focuses on the structure of justification rather than its source, asserting that self-evident axioms or basic beliefs are necessary to support other justifications and beliefs.
perspectiveSome philosophers argue that foundherentism is indistinguishable from moderate forms of foundationalism that loosen the criteria for what constitutes a basic belief.
claimFoundationalism is an epistemological theory structured as a hierarchy, where basic beliefs that are considered untouchable or foundational sit at the bottom.
Epistemology | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy iep.utm.edu 3 facts
claimThe regress argument in epistemology posits that there are two kinds of justified beliefs: basic beliefs, which begin a series of justified beliefs, and non-basic beliefs, which are based on other justified beliefs.
claimFoundationalism requires that basic beliefs must either be self-justified or derive their justification from a non-doxastic source, such as sensory inputs.
claimBasic beliefs are defined in foundationalism as beliefs that are able to confer justification on other, non-basic beliefs without having their own justification conferred upon them by other beliefs.