concept

adaptive laboratory evolution

Also known as: ALE, adaptive laboratory evolution studies, adaptive laboratory evolution experiments

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Adaptive laboratory evolution – principles and applications for ... link.springer.com Springer Jul 1, 2013 26 facts

claimMicrobial cells are advantageous for adaptive laboratory evolution studies because they have simple nutrient requirements, are easily cultivated in the laboratory, and grow rapidly, allowing for several hundred generations to be cultivated within weeks or months.

claimIn serial batch cultures for Adaptive Laboratory Evolution (ALE), transferring the culture before the stationary phase is reached is a prerequisite to avoid stationary phase adaptation, as noted in reference [52].

claimAdaptive laboratory evolution allows phenotypic changes to be associated with a specific growth environment, unlike comparative genomics.

claimIn the last 25 years, there has been an increasing number of adaptive laboratory evolution experiments, with Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae being the most prominent organisms under investigation.

claimAdaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) is a process used in biological research.

claimThe advent of transcript and next-generation sequencing technologies has enabled recent studies to successfully apply adaptive laboratory evolution to engineer microbial cells for biotechnological applications.

claimDuring adaptive laboratory evolution, multiple phenotypes initially emerge and compete for dominance within the total population.

claimAdaptive laboratory evolution is a method used in biological studies to gain insights into the basic mechanisms of molecular evolution and adaptive changes that accumulate in microbial populations during long-term selection under specified growth conditions.

claimAdaptive laboratory evolution experiments have provided the scientific community with insights into the genetic basis of increased fitness, implications of historical contingency, second-order effects during evolution, the interrelation of population size, robustness and evolvability, clonal interference, and evolutionary bet hedging.

measurementTypical Adaptive Laboratory Evolution (ALE) experiments are performed in shake flasks and similar growth conditions with cell densities ranging from 10^7 to 10^9 cells per mL for microbial cultures.

claimIntegrating adaptive laboratory evolution into the metabolic engineering of microbial cells provides tuning possibilities at multiple levels of the engineering process.

referenceCharusanti et al. (2012) exploited adaptive laboratory evolution of Streptomyces clavuligerus to facilitate antibiotic discovery and overproduction.

claimProlonged selection in adaptive laboratory evolution that exceeds the initial rapid adaptation phase does not necessarily lead to significantly improved phenotypes, creating a cost-benefit trade-off for biotechnological engineering.

measurementThe specific growth rates of microbial cells used in adaptive laboratory evolution are typically in the range of 0.05 to 1.0 h-1.

claimThe rate of fitness increase during adaptive laboratory evolution is not linear; it is typically fast within the first 100 to 500 generations and slows down significantly thereafter.

claimThe occurrence of enterobactin-related mutations in multiple adaptive laboratory evolution studies highlights the importance of tuning the cellular redox machinery during environmental stress exposure in Escherichia coli.

claimIn recent Adaptive Laboratory Evolution (ALE) experiments, detected mutations include single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), small-scale insertions and deletions (indels), transposable element (insertion sequence, IS) movements, and amplifications or deletions of larger genomic regions.

accountWilliam Dallinger performed adaptive laboratory evolution experiments approximately one hundred years ago.

referenceLee DH, Feist AM, Barrett CL, and Palsson B published 'Cumulative number of cell divisions as a meaningful timescale for adaptive laboratory evolution of Escherichia coli' in the Journal of General Microbiology in 1980.

referencePortnoy, Bezdan, and Zengler (2011) examined adaptive laboratory evolution as a method for harnessing biological power for metabolic engineering in Current Opinion in Biotechnology.

claimAdaptive laboratory evolution is a scientific approach used to analyze evolutionary phenomena in a controlled laboratory setting.

claimPhenotype-genotype correlations in adaptive laboratory evolution can be obtained through whole genome re-sequencing (WGS) using technologies such as transcriptional profiling and massive next-generation DNA sequencing (NGS).

measurementA typical adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) experiment lasts between 100 and 2000 generations, spanning a duration of a few weeks to a few months.

claimIn silico experiments indicate that stepwise evolution can increase microbial evolvability, suggesting that sequential short rounds of evolution may increase the efficiency of adaptive laboratory evolution.

claimThe total number of generations is commonly used to estimate the emergence of adaptive mutations in Adaptive Laboratory Evolution (ALE) experiments.

claimEpistasis is a major factor for the adaptive optimization of gene regulation, and while significant epistatic connections for strain engineering are easily identified in Adaptive Laboratory Evolution (ALE) studies, they are difficult to infer from metabolic modeling studies.