The Gulf states learned the limits of U.S. security guarantees after the Trump and Biden administrations provided muted reactions to the 2019 attacks on Saudi oil installations and the 2022 attack on the Abu Dhabi airport.

Authors

• Person: Bader Al-Saif, Sanam Vakil Organization: War on the Rocks
  Iran and the Gulf: Why Hedging Is No Longer Enough

Sources

• Iran and the Gulf: Why Hedging Is No Longer Enough warontherocks.com Bader Al-Saif, Sanam Vakil · War on the Rocks via serper

Referenced by nodes (2)

• U.S. location
• Abu Dhabi location