reference
Concepts and movements associated with Open Design include commons-based peer production (Benkler & Nissenbaum, 2006), personal fabrication (Kohtala, 2014), direct digital manufacturing (Chen et al., 2015), bottom-up economy (Redlich, Moritz, & Wulfsberg, 2019), distributed economy (Johansson, Kisch, & Mirata, 2005), open manufacturing (Gasparotto, 2020), and the motto 'design global, manufacture local' (Kostakis et al., 2015).

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