Knowledge Tree
Relations (1)
cross_type 3.00 — strongly supporting 7 facts
The U.S. is actively engaged in international partnerships and frameworks to secure supply chains for critical minerals, as evidenced by agreements with Indonesia [1], Japan {fact:2, fact:6}, the European Union [2], Cambodia [3], Malaysia [4], and Thailand [5].
Facts (7)
Sources
Tracking Trump's Trade Deals | Council on Foreign Relations cfr.org 7 facts
accountA framework for cooperation on critical minerals between the United States and Japan was released on October 27, 2025.
referenceThe Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) on critical-mineral cooperation between the United States and Thailand provides each party the first opportunity to invest in critical minerals assets that may be sold in Thailand or by a company headquartered or incorporated in Thailand.
claimIndonesia agreed to remove restrictions on critical minerals exports, collaborate with the United States on supply chain resilience, and participate in the Global Forum on Steel Excess Capacity as part of economic security goals.
claimMalaysia committed to developing its critical minerals sector in partnership with United States companies.
claimThe European Union agreed to cooperate with the United States on economic security priorities, including critical minerals, export controls, and supply chain resilience.
claimJapan and the United States entered into a critical minerals framework to cooperate on securing supply chains, investing in mining and processing, addressing unfair competition, and establishing pricing mechanisms.
claimCambodia agreed to facilitate U.S. investments in mining and critical minerals, while the United States agreed to consider providing support for critical sectors in Cambodia through the Export-Import Bank and the Development Finance Corporation.