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Externalism is a theory of justification that posits that factors outside a believer's mind determine whether a belief is justified, as described in [1], [2], and [3]. The relationship is further defined by the debate between internalism and externalism regarding the nature of J-factors and the requirements for epistemic justification [4], [5], and [6].
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Epistemology | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy iep.utm.edu 5 facts
claimThere are two primary approaches to construing justification: in terms of the believer’s mind (internalism) or in terms of the world (externalism).
claimExternalism posits that factors external to a believer's mind determine whether that believer is justified.
claimReliabilism, a prominent version of externalism, suggests that the justification of a belief depends on the source of that belief, such as sense experience, reason, testimony, or memory.
claimExternalism is the epistemological view that factors external to a believer's mind determine whether that believer is justified.
claimReliabilism is the most prominent version of externalism and suggests considering the source of a belief to determine justification.
Epistemology - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org 3 facts
claimExternalism is motivated by the view that justification makes it more likely that a belief is true, with some factors contributing to this likelihood existing outside the believer's cognitive perspective.
claimReliabilism is an externalist theory asserting that a reliable connection between belief and truth is required for justification.
claimInternalism and externalism debate whether justification is determined solely by mental states or also by external circumstances.
What Is Epistemology? Pt. 3: The Nature of Justification and Belief philosimplicity.com 3 facts
claimInternalism and externalism in epistemology focus on the sources of justification and belief.
claimExternalism is a theory of justification which suggests that conditions outside of a person's mind must be met for a belief to be justified, such as the belief being supported by reliable processes or sources in the world.
claimEpistemological positions are not mutually exclusive; for example, an individual can be an externalist regarding knowledge while being an internalist regarding justification, or simultaneously a fallibilist and a foundationalist.
Epistemology (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy/Fall 2019 Edition) plato.stanford.edu 2 facts
Epistemic Justification – Introduction to Philosophy: Epistemology press.rebus.community 2 facts
claimEpistemologists use the terms 'internalist' and 'externalist' to distinguish whether a theory requires a person to cognitively access or be aware of the factors that make their belief justified; theories requiring such access are 'internalist,' while those that do not are 'externalist.'
perspectiveInternalists argue that the externalist understanding of justification's truth-conduciveness is too strong, because a belief could be objectively likely to be true even if a person has no good reason to believe the relevant proposition, which internalists consider epistemically irrational.
Epistemology - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy plato.stanford.edu 1 fact
claimExperiential foundationalists who prefer Experiential Foundationalism (EB) can endorse externalism to argue that perceptual experiences are a source of justification if, and only if, those experiences are of types that are reliably associated with true resulting beliefs.