Knowledge Tree
Relations (1)
related 2.32 — strongly supporting 4 facts
Water and earth are both identified as fundamental elements in the Pre-Socratic doctrine of the four elements, as described in the emergentist and reductionist accounts proposed by Empedocles [1], [2], and [3], and further contextualized by Thales's early philosophical speculations [4].
Facts (4)
Sources
Panpsychism - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy plato.stanford.edu 1 fact
claimEmpedocles favored a reductionist account of reality based on the doctrine of four elements: earth, air, fire, and water.
Panpsychism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy/Fall 2015 Edition) plato.stanford.edu 1 fact
claimEmpedocles proposed an emergentist account of qualities based on the ratios of four elements: earth, air, fire, and water.
Panpsychism - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy plato.stanford.edu 1 fact
claimEmpedocles proposed an emergentist account of the world based on the doctrine of four elements: earth, air, fire, and water.
Homeostasis: The Underappreciated and Far Too Often ... - Frontiers frontiersin.org 1 fact
referencePre-Socratic Greek philosophers, including Thales, speculated that all matter was composed of various combinations of four key elements: earth, air, fire, and water, which Hall (1975) identifies as the earliest glimmerings of reductionist thought.