Relations (1)

related 2.00 — strongly supporting 3 facts

Saudi Arabia is explicitly identified as a member of the Gulf states in [1] and [2], and the two entities are linked by their shared regional security policies regarding Iran in [3].

Facts (3)

Sources
How the war in Ukraine changed Russia's global standing | Brookings brookings.edu Brookings Institution 1 fact
claimPrior to the 2022 invasion of Ukraine, Russia had established itself as a regional player in the Middle East capable of maintaining diplomatic communication with Saudi Arabia, Egypt, the Gulf states, Iran, and Israel.
Military escalation and diverging regional strategies in the Middle East theloop.ecpr.eu Nadeem Ahmed Moonakal · The Loop 1 fact
claimSaudi Arabia and other Gulf states have pledged not to allow external powers to launch attacks on Iran from their territory to protect their national interests and domestic security.
5 key factors shaping Iran's foreign policy calculus mei.edu Middle East Institute 1 fact
claimGulf Arab states, particularly Saudi Arabia, have shifted their foreign policy from religiously driven strategies to trade-focused, globally integrated approaches.