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The concept of 'testimony' is the central subject of the 'Epistemology of Testimony', which defines it as 'T told S that p' {fact:1, fact:4} and explores how it serves as a source of knowledge and justification {fact:3, fact:5, fact:7}.
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Epistemology of Testimony | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy iep.utm.edu 5 facts
claimThe epistemology of testimony article in the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy defines testimony for its purposes using the rough formulation: 'T told S that p'.
claimThe epistemology of testimony involves analyzing the external conditions required for a recipient (S) to gain knowledge from a testifier (T), specifically questioning whether the testifier must know the proposition (p) herself, whether the testimony must be true, and whether the testifier must reliably testify.
claimThe Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy article on the Epistemology of Testimony adopts the working definition of testimony as "T told S that p" to navigate disputes regarding the exact nature of testimony.
perspectiveThe Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy article on the Epistemology of Testimony classifies approaches to testimonially-based justification as "Liberal" or "Conservative," where Liberals are less demanding and Conservatives are more demanding regarding what counts as justified belief or knowledge.
claimThe Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy article on the Epistemology of Testimony focuses on the general epistemology of testimony rather than the specific epistemology of human testimony.
Social Epistemology – Introduction to Philosophy - Rebus Press press.rebus.community 2 facts
claimThe epistemology of disagreement is distinct from the epistemology of testimony because not all evidence from disagreement is testimonial; for example, one can infer disagreement by observing another person's behavior.
claimReductionism in the epistemology of testimony posits that testimony justifies belief because individuals learn through observation that testimony correlates with truth, similar to how one learns that smoke is caused by fire.