Knowledge Tree
Relations (1)
cross_type 4.70 — strongly supporting 25 facts
Roger Penrose is a central figure in the study of consciousness, having co-developed the Orchestrated Objective Reduction (Orch OR) hypothesis with Stuart Hameroff, which posits that consciousness arises from quantum processes in microtubules {fact:1, fact:5, fact:18}. Furthermore, Penrose has extensively argued that consciousness is non-computable and may require a revolutionary change in physics to be fully understood {fact:2, fact:7, fact:21, fact:25}.
Facts (25)
Sources
Panpsychism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy/Fall 2015 Edition) plato.stanford.edu 3 facts
claimStuart Hameroff and Roger Penrose conjectured that certain systems capable of resisting decoherence are the physical foundation of more complex states of consciousness.
referenceRoger Penrose argued for a non-computational theory of consciousness in his 1989 book 'The Emperor's New Mind'.
claimRoger Penrose (1989), John Searle (1991), Thomas Nagel (1979, 1986, 1999), and Noam Chomsky (1999) have all endorsed, suggested, or hinted at the idea that the problem of consciousness may necessitate a revolutionary change in physics.
Quantum Approaches to Consciousness plato.stanford.edu 3 facts
claimRick Grush and Patricia Smith Churchland published a critique titled 'Gaps in Penrose’s toilings' in the Journal of Consciousness Studies in 1995, which was subsequently responded to by Roger Penrose and Stuart Hameroff in the same journal.
claimRoger Penrose and Stuart Hameroff hypothesize that the gravitation-induced collapse of coherent tubulin states corresponds to elementary acts of consciousness.
claimRoger Penrose and Stuart Hameroff developed a scenario claiming that quantum theory is effective for consciousness, specifically arguing that elementary acts of consciousness are non-algorithmic and neurophysiologically realized as gravitation-induced reductions of coherent superposition states in microtubuli.
Consciousness in Artificial Intelligence? A Framework for Classifying ... arxiv.org 2 facts
claimSome researchers, such as Chalmers and McQueen (2022), explore the hypothesis that consciousness is a necessary condition for wave function collapse, which is the converse of the view held by Roger Penrose.
claimRoger Penrose suggests that consciousness might be explainable through the contribution of wave function collapse to the generation of consciousness, implying that consciousness transcends computability.
Consciousness-Induced Quantum State Reduction - Nova Spivack novaspivack.com 2 facts
referenceStuart Hameroff and Roger Penrose published 'Consciousness in the universe: A review of the Orch OR theory' in Physics of Life Reviews, 11(1), 39–78, in 2014, which reviews the Orchestrated Objective Reduction (Orch OR) theory of consciousness.
claimPenrose (1989) and Hameroff & Penrose (2014) proposed biophysical models linking consciousness to objective collapse mechanisms involving microtubules, though Tegmark (2000) challenged these models regarding biological feasibility and experimental verification.
Quantum Theory of Consciousness - Scirp.org. scirp.org 2 facts
claimRoger Penrose and Stuart Hameroff propose that the self-collapse or 'objective reduction' of quantum superposition states serves as the non-computable source for consciousness.
referenceStuart Hameroff and Roger Penrose proposed the 'Orch OR' (Orchestrated Objective Reduction) model of consciousness in their 1996 paper 'Conscious Events as Orchestrated Space-Time Selections', published in the Journal of Consciousness Studies.
Consciousness (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy/Fall 2025 ... plato.stanford.edu 2 facts
claimPhysicist Roger Penrose (1989, 1994) and anesthesiologist Stuart Hameroff (1998) proposed a model of consciousness where consciousness arises through quantum effects occurring within microtubules, which are subcellular structures internal to neurons.
claimScientific and philosophical research into the nature and basis of consciousness experienced a major resurgence in the 1980s and 1990s, involving researchers such as Bernard Baars (1988), Daniel Dennett (1991), Roger Penrose (1989, 1994), Francis Crick (1994), William Lycan (1987, 1996), and David Chalmers (1996).
Quantum Mechanics And Consciousness: The Physics Of Mind quantumzeitgeist.com 2 facts
claimThe Orchestrated Objective Reduction (Orch-OR) theory, proposed by Roger Penrose and Stuart Hameroff, suggests that consciousness arises from quantum computations occurring in microtubules within neurons.
claimRoger Penrose and Stuart Hameroff proposed the Orchestrated Objective Reduction (Orch OR) hypothesis, which posits that microtubules in brain neurons maintain quantum states that affect consciousness.
Quantum Approaches to Consciousness plato.stanford.edu 2 facts
claimRoger Penrose and Stuart Hameroff have argued that microtubuli are the biological structures where gravitation-induced quantum state reductions related to consciousness might occur.
claimRoger Penrose and Stuart Hameroff argue that elementary acts of consciousness are non-algorithmic (non-computable) and are neurophysiologically realized as gravitation-induced reductions of coherent superposition states in microtubuli.
Quantum Physics and Consciousness Insights | PDF - Scribd scribd.com 1 fact
referenceThe document 'Quantum Physics and Consciousness Insights' discusses several theories regarding consciousness and brain function, specifically David Bohm's implicate order, Henry Stapp's attention and quantum coherence, Roger Penrose's geometry of the universe, and Stuart Hameroff's microtubule quantum effects.
Quantum Approaches to Consciousness plato.stanford.edu 1 fact
claimRoger Penrose and Stuart Hameroff propose that conscious acts are non-computable, shifting the focus from mental causation to the non-computability of consciousness.
Quantum mechanics and the puzzle of human consciousness alleninstitute.org 1 fact
claimRoger Penrose and anesthesiologist Stuart Hameroff hypothesize that microtubules, which are small structures found in neurons and other cells, weave moments of 'proto-consciousness' together to form full consciousness.
The Conscious Mind - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org 1 fact
claimDavid Chalmers' account of consciousness addresses objections raised by physicist Roger Penrose regarding the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics, specifically concerning why a conscious being is aware of only one alternative in a linear superposition.
Moving Forward on the Problem of Consciousness - David Chalmers consc.net 1 fact
claimDavid Chalmers notes that Stuart Hameroff and Roger Penrose's work clarifies that they view consciousness as fundamental, rather than explaining it wholly in terms of quantum action in microtubules.
Six Theories of Consciousness - Mind Matters mindmatters.ai 1 fact
claimRoger Penrose proposed that wavefunction collapse in quantum mechanics could provide the non-algorithmic element necessary for human consciousness.
Panpsychism - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org 1 fact
perspectiveRoger Penrose argues that consciousness does not compute, as discussed in a 2017 Nautilus article.