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Consciousness and thought are closely linked as emergent properties of complex physical functioning in human persons [1], with consciousness deemed essential to thought and personal identity [2], and both central to philosophical definitions of the person in substance dualism [3].
Facts (3)
Sources
Non-Reductive Physicalism - Theories of Consciousness theoriesofconsciousness.com 1 fact
quoteNancey Murphy stated: "Human persons are physical organisms whose complex functioning gives rise to consciousness, thought, and spirit—all without recourse to dualist substances."
Dualism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy/Winter 2016 Edition) plato.stanford.edu 1 fact
claimE. J. Lowe's theory of substance dualism differs from René Descartes's because Lowe does not define the person as a purely mental substance defined solely by thought or consciousness.
Consciousness (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy/Fall 2025 ... plato.stanford.edu 1 fact
perspectiveJohn Locke avoided making hypotheses regarding the substantial basis of consciousness and its relationship to matter, though he considered consciousness essential to both thought and personal identity.