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related 0.80 — strongly supporting 8 facts
The relationship between consciousness and the physical is defined by the 'hard problem' and the 'explanatory gap' [1], which are central to debates regarding whether consciousness can emerge from or be constituted by physical entities {fact:2, fact:3, fact:5}. Various philosophical frameworks, including Russellian physicalism [2], dualism [3], and mysterianism [4], specifically address the ontological and causal challenges of relating these two concepts [5].
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Non-physicalist Theories of Consciousness cambridge.org 4 facts
claimThe strong version of the argument from non-emergence asserts that consciousness cannot emerge from non-conscious entities, implying that fundamental particles must be conscious rather than merely protoconscious.
claimThomas Nagel and Galen Strawson argue that consciousness cannot be constituted by the physical due to the epistemic gap or related considerations.
claimThomas Nagel and Galen Strawson argue that if consciousness emerges from the physical, it must occur through causal production or a dualist psychophysical law, but they reject this possibility by invoking the interaction problem, which posits that such causal relations are unintelligible and impossible.
claimGalen Strawson claims that the emergence of consciousness from the physical is an instance of 'brute emergence,' which he defines as emergence that is unintelligible in principle, even to God, because there is nothing about the physical, if understood as devoid of consciousness, that allows for the emergence of consciousness.
Hard Problem of Consciousness | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy iep.utm.edu 3 facts
claimThe 'hard problem of consciousness' is defined as the challenge of closing the 'explanatory gap' between consciousness and the physical.
claimDualism is the claim that consciousness is ontologically distinct from anything physical.
claimTemporary mysterians and permanent mysterians agree that there is a real gap between consciousness and the physical, and that current science seems unable to solve the problem.
Panpsychism - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org 1 fact
claimRussellian physicalism is the view that quiddities can be physical without having any consciousness-like aspect, while still remaining relevant to explaining consciousness.