Knowledge Tree
Relations (1)
cross_type 2.00 — strongly supporting 3 facts
Robert Audi is related to the concept of perception because he identifies it as a basic source of knowledge [1] and argues that testimony is operationally dependent on it [2]. Furthermore, he distinguishes testimony from perception by analyzing how beliefs derived from each source can be defeated [3].
Facts (3)
Sources
Epistemology of Testimony | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy iep.utm.edu 3 facts
claimRobert Audi (2006) asserts that testimony is operationally dependent on perception, noting that to receive testimony about the time, one must hear or otherwise perceive the speaker.
quoteRobert Audi states: "[W]e cannot test the reliability of one of these basic sources [that is, for Audi, a source like perception or memory, but not testimony] or even confirm an instance of it without relying on that very source. … With testimony, one can, in principle, check reliability using any of the standard basic sources."
claimAlvin Plantinga (1993) and Robert Audi (2006) suggest that testimony differs from sources like perception because testimonially-based beliefs can be defeated or trumped by other sources of evidence in ways that perception cannot.