Knowledge Tree
Relations (1)
related 4.46 — strongly supporting 21 facts
Türkiye and Iraq are geographically and politically linked through shared regional security concerns, including Türkiye's military interventions in northern Iraq [1], [2], [3], and [4]. They are also connected by their shared Kurdish populations [5], [6], and their historical diplomatic and trade relations [7], [8], [9].
Facts (21)
Sources
Opportunities for Collective Regional Security in the Middle East carnegieendowment.org 10 facts
claimIraq's diplomatic relationship with Türkiye deteriorated due to persistent Turkish military incursions into northern Iraq.
claimTürkiye's support for Islamist movements in Libya, Syria, and Yemen caused its diplomatic, political, trade, and investment relations with most Gulf countries, Iraq, and Iran to shift into tensions and conflict.
claimTürkiye's support for Islamist groups in Libya, Syria, and Yemen caused its diplomatic, political, and trade relations with most Gulf countries, Iraq, and Iran to deteriorate into tensions and confrontation.
claimTürkiye scaled back its military operations in Iraq and reduced financial and military support for Islamist groups across the Middle East and North Africa, which improved relations with Gulf countries, Iraq, and Iran.
claimRegional actors are currently involved in direct or proxy conflicts: Israel is in tension with Iran; Türkiye is intervening in Syria and Iraq; the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia are militarily involved in Yemen; and Egypt is involved in Libya, Sudan, and the Horn of Africa.
accountTürkiye scaled back military operations in Iraq and reduced financial and military support for Islamist groups across the Middle East and North Africa, leading to improved relations with Gulf countries, Iraq, and Iran.
claimThe government of Iran expressed anger toward Türkiye due to Turkish threats against the Iranian-backed Assad regime in Syria, while the government of Iraq's relationship with Türkiye deteriorated due to persistent Turkish military incursions into northern Iraq.
accountBefore 2011, Türkiye maintained positive relations with Iraq and Iran while fostering trade, economic, and political collaborations with Gulf states, Egypt, and North African Arab countries.
claimCurrent regional policies often entangle Middle Eastern states in direct or proxy conflicts, such as Israel’s tensions with Iran, Türkiye’s intervention in Syria and Iraq, and the military involvement of the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia in Yemen.
accountBefore 2011, Türkiye maintained positive relations with Iraq and Iran and actively fostered trade, economic, and political collaborations with Gulf states, Egypt, and Arab countries in North Africa.
The crises in the Middle East: reshaping the region's geopolitical ... link.springer.com 4 facts
claimThe weakness of Syrian and Iraqi governance has allowed regional powers Turkey and Iran to expand their influence, project power beyond their borders, and assert their interests in regional affairs.
claimSaeed (2019b) argues that because the complexities of the Kurdish question in Turkey, Syria, Iran, and Iraq have been neglected, similar unexpected events to the October 2023 conflict could occur in these countries.
claimHizbulla and Hamas in Lebanon and Palestine, and Kurdish liberation movements in Syria, Turkey, Iraq, and Iran, have a crucial impact on the balance of power in regional rivalries.
claimThe Kurds are an ethnic group with distinct cultural and linguistic characteristics inhabiting a contiguous region spanning Turkey, Iran, Iraq, and Syria.
Fact Sheet: USTR Initiates 60 Section 301 Investigations Relating to ... ustr.gov 1 fact
claimThe Office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR) has initiated Section 301 investigations into 60 specific economies: Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Australia, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Brazil, Cambodia, Canada, Chile, China (People’s Republic of), Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, European Union, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Hong Kong (China), India, Indonesia, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Libya, Malaysia, Mexico, Morocco, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Türkiye, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Venezuela, and Vietnam.
Ethnobotanical and Food Composition Monographs of Selected ... ouci.dntb.gov.ua 1 fact
referenceRivera D, Matilla-Riquer G, Obón C, and Alcaraz F (2012) published a diachronic ethnobotanical review of ancient and traditional plant uses for food and medicine in the Near East and the Caucasus, covering Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, and Turkey.
USTR Initiates 60 Section 301 Investigations Relating to Failures to ... ustr.gov 1 fact
claimThe 60 US trade partners subject to the USTR Section 301 investigations regarding forced labor include Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, the European Union, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Libya, Malaysia, Mexico, Morocco, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Peru, the Philippines, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Türkiye, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, Uruguay, Venezuela, and Vietnam.
Reforming Iran's Energy Policy: Strategies for Sustainability ... jpia.princeton.edu 1 fact
claimIran can pursue regional energy leadership by strengthening energy trade partnerships and collaborative renewable energy projects with neighboring countries, such as exporting electricity to Iraq or natural gas to Turkey.
After the War: Rethinking Regional Security in the Middle ... arab-reform.net 1 fact
claimTürkiye, while not an Arab state, is deeply implicated in the security and economy of Syria, Iraq, the Eastern Mediterranean, and the wider regional balance, making it essential to include in any new regional security architecture.
United States Foreign Intelligence Relationships everycrsreport.com 1 fact
claimCountries such as Turkey, Pakistan, Iran (under the Shah), Iraq, and Afghanistan have provided basing rights to the United States while facing higher political risks for doing so.
USTR Launches Broad Section 301 Investigations Into Excess ... dwt.com 1 fact
claimThe countries targeted for review in the Section 301 investigation are Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Australia, the Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Brazil, Cambodia, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, the EU, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Libya, Malaysia, Mexico, Morocco, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Peru, the Philippines, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Türkiye, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, Uruguay, Venezuela, and Vietnam.