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ventromedial prefrontal cortex
Also known as: vmPFC, ventral medial prefrontal cortex, PFC, ventral medial pre-frontal cortex
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Self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-transcendence (S-ART) frontiersin.org 11 facts
referenceDavidson and Irwin (1999) delineated functional differences between the ventromedial and dorsolateral sectors of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), suggesting that activation of the ventromedial PFC represents immediate valenced goal states along with activation of the ventral striatopallidum (including the nucleus accumbens), while the dorsolateral PFC represents valenced goal states in the absence of immediately present incentives.
claimThe HCMS (E-network) includes the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC), pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pACC), subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC), medial parietal cortex (MPC), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), and retrosplenial cortex (RSP).
referenceIn both rodents and humans, the brain areas involved in conditioning and extinguishing fear include the hippocampus, amygdala, rhinal cortices, and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC).
claimThe ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) supports the representation of affective and motivational states through a gradient of non-conscious and conscious affective appraisal by maintaining heavy interconnections with the amygdala and the ventral striatal pallidal complex, including the nucleus accumbens.
referenceMilad et al. (2007) demonstrated that the recall of fear extinction in humans activates the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus in concert.
referenceThe dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) positively correlates with sympathetic activity related to fear expression, whereas the ventral ACC (including the perigenual ACC and VMPFC) is associated with the inhibition of expression during extinction and the recall of extinction of fear after extinguishing prior conditioned associations, as reported by Etkin et al. (2011).
claimThe human anterior insular cortex (AIC) integrates higher-order social, emotional, motivational, and cognitive components of subjective feeling states through functional and anatomical connectivity with the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), ventral medial pre-frontal cortex (VMPFC), and lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC).
referencePhelps et al. (2004) studied the role of the amygdala and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) in human extinction learning.
referenceMilad et al. (2005) found that the thickness of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in humans is correlated with extinction memory.
referenceCortical thickness of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) positively correlates with extinction recall, and functional connectivity between the VMPFC and the hippocampus is related to learned safety, as reported by Milad et al. (2007).
claimThe ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) modulates the amygdala response and extinguishes the expression of fear within the relevant functional circuitry.
The Mechanisms of Psychedelic Visionary Experiences - Frontiers frontiersin.org Sep 27, 2017 2 facts
measurementKometer et al. (2015) reported that psilocybin causes a decrease in posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) activity, a decrease in ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) activity, and decreased connectivity in the parahippocampal gyrus (PH) and retrosplenial cortex (RSC).
referenceThe major subdivisions of the Default Mode Network include the ventral medial and dorsal medial regions of the prefrontal cortex, the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) with the precuneus, and the lateral parietal cortex.
Extent and Health Consequences of Chronic Sleep Loss and ... - NCBI ncbi.nlm.nih.gov 1 fact
claimLimbic and paralimbic structures that regulate basic emotions and instinctual behaviors—specifically the amygdala, hippocampus, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex—are abnormally active during sleep in individuals with primary insomnia and secondary insomnias related to depression, as reported by Nofzinger et al. (2004a, 2005).