concept

Trumpism

Entities (2)

European Union

European Union

Trumpism has acted as a catalyst for the European Union's political and security adjustments by challenging its NATO obligations [1] and forcing the bloc to address gaps in multilateralism [2]. This ideological shift has compelled the European Union to strengthen its external governance and take greater responsibility for its own security and defense capabilities [3] [4]. — 4 supporting facts

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Donald Trump

Donald Trump

Donald Trump is the namesake and central figure of the political movement known as Trumpism, as evidenced by the discussion of his presidency in relation to the enduring nature of the ideology [1], [2], and [3]. — 3 supporting facts

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Facts (10)

Sources

Europe's quest for strategic autonomy in response to Trumpism link.springer.com Springer Dec 8, 2025 8 facts

perspectiveTrumpism acts as a catalyst for European Union governance by driving debates on reform options to strengthen the EU's external capability and create a more balanced EU-US relationship in defense and security matters.

claimEuropean leaders made the mistake of dismissing Donald Trump as a temporary phenomenon after his first presidency, failing to recognize the strength of Trumpism.

claimThe European Union should attempt to fill the gaps in multilateralism created by Trumpism, viewing this role as an invitation to dialogue rather than a unilateral imposition, even with difficult partners like Donald Trump.

claimTrumpism threatens the norms and values of multilateralism in multiple ways.

claimThe external politics dimension of Trumpism has increased pressure on the European Union to achieve more equal burden sharing within NATO and has challenged European security through rhetoric regarding Greenland's territorial sovereignty and NATO obligations.

perspectiveThe author argues that Trumpism acts as a catalyst for EU political adjustments, metaphorically comparing the US President to an "unstable, unpredictable father" forcing the European Union to take responsibility for its own fate.

referenceM. Kotzur authored the article 'Europe's quest for strategic autonomy in response to Trumpism,' which was published in the journal Global Public Policy and Governance (volume 5, pages 457–466) in 2025.

claimThe author characterizes the trade policy associated with Trumpism as aggressive, noting that it prioritizes bilateral deals while disregarding international trade norms.

How China is responding to escalating strategic competition with the ... brookings.edu Ryan Hass · Brookings Mar 1, 2021 1 fact

perspectiveWang Jisi argued that China faces 'Trumpism without Trump' even under the administration of President Joe Biden in an article published on January 21, 2021.

European Strategic Autonomy and a New Transatlantic Bargain europeansources.info Besch, Sophia, Scazzieri, Luigi · Centre for European Reform Dec 11, 2020 1 fact

claimSophia Besch and Luigi Scazzieri argue that Europeans should not act as if Donald Trump's presidency never occurred, as Trumpism is likely to endure and future US presidential commitments to European security remain uncertain.