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top-down selective attention
Also known as: top-down selective attention, top-down attention
Facts (15)
Sources
(PDF) Unifying Theories of Consciousness, Attention, and ... academia.edu 7 facts
claimTop-down attention and consciousness can have opposing effects.
claimTop-down attention and consciousness are distinct phenomena that do not need to occur together and can be manipulated using distinct paradigms.
perspectiveChristof Koch and Naotsugu Tsuchiya argue that consciousness and top-down attention are distinct processes that can be disassociated under specific circumstances.
claimThe author of the 2018 paper argues that the belief that consciousness can exist without attention, or that high-level top-down attention can exist without consciousness, stems from a failure to recognize the various forms that attention and consciousness can take.
claimPsychophysical and neurophysiological evidence supports a dissociation between top-down attention and consciousness, including findings that subjects can attend to perceptually invisible objects.
claimAttentional processes are not unitary, as attention can be drawn involuntarily to salient stimuli (exogenous attention) or directed intentionally (top-down selective attention).
claimSubjects can become conscious of an isolated object or the gist of a scene despite the near absence of top-down attention, and conversely, subjects can attend to perceptually invisible objects.
Attention - Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science - MIT oecs.mit.edu Jul 24, 2024 6 facts
claimEmotion influences attention but does not fit into the categories of top-down, bottom-up, or value-based attention.
claimTop-down attention is driven by an intended task and is typically set by task instructions, which are often encoded in an agent's plan or intention.
referenceThe distinction between top-down and bottom-up attention is not exhaustive and fails to account for all modes of attention, according to Awh et al. (2012).
claimThe top-down and bottom-up distinction in attention assumes a psychological structure with a top-bottom organization, where cognition is positioned at the top and perception at the bottom.
claimThe Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science categorizes attention into complex modalities, including conscious, top-down, visual, and visual working memory-based attention.
claimThe distinction between top-down and bottom-up attention is theoretically similar to other dichotomies in cognitive science, including voluntary versus involuntary, endogenous versus exogenous, controlled versus automatic, and goal-driven versus stimulus-driven attention.