Knowledge Tree
scientific theory
Also known as: scientific theory, scientific theories
Facts (17)
Sources
Naturalistic Epistemology | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy iep.utm.edu 7 facts
claimThe Kuhnian approach to understanding science posits that it is as important to study the practices of scientists as it is to study the theories they offer and the experiments they conduct.
referenceLarry Laudan's 'reticulated model' of science posits that issues concerning scientific theories, scientific methods, and scientific aims interact with one another, meaning theories are not adopted independently of methodological and axiological commitments.
claimOne common methodological approach in naturalistic epistemology is to frame an issue as empirical and directly apply scientific data, results, methods, and theories to it.
claimLogical Empiricists, including Rudolf Carnap, attempted to justify scientific theories by translating theoretical claims into observational vocabulary to show they could be derived from observation sentences, logical truths, and set theory.
perspectiveRudolf Carnap and other Logical Empiricists believed that translating scientific theory into observational terms was useful because it allowed philosophers to measure the extent to which theories exceed their observational evidence.
claimAdvocates of the 'strong programme' in the sociology of scientific knowledge maintain an agnosticism about the truth of scientific theories, which leads them to explain scientists' behavior in sociological terms while avoiding appeals to the extra-social world.
claimThe Logical Empiricist project of deriving theories from observations failed because scientific theories include generalizations that cover unobserved cases and cannot be logically derived from observations alone.
Scientific Consensus - NASA Science science.nasa.gov Oct 21, 2024 2 facts
claimA scientific theory is defined as a scientifically acceptable general principle or body of principles offered to explain phenomena, formed by integrating and generalizing a group of hypotheses.
claimA scientific theory is defined as a scientifically acceptable general principle or body of principles offered to explain phenomena, often formed by integrating and generalizing a group of hypotheses.
Epistemology - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy plato.stanford.edu Dec 14, 2005 2 facts
claimWeak constructivism asserts that scientific theories are laden with social, cultural, and historical presuppositions and biases, while strong constructivism asserts that truth and reality are socially constructed.
claimWeak constructivism asserts that scientific theories are laden with social, cultural, and historical presuppositions and biases.
In defense of scientifically and philosophically (not politically ... blog.apaonline.org Nov 14, 2023 1 fact
claimMultiple scientific theories can be logically consistent with the same data set, which complicates the determination of which theory best explains the data.
Hard Problem of Consciousness | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy iep.utm.edu 1 fact
referenceGeorges Rey argued in 1997 that the term 'consciousness' may serve no use in scientific theory and could be dropped from a scientifically-fixed ontology.
Epistemology - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org 1 fact
perspectiveFallibilists emphasize the necessity of maintaining an open and inquisitive mind, acknowledging that doubt can never be fully excluded, even for well-established knowledge claims such as thoroughly tested scientific theories.
The role of LLMs in theory building sciencedirect.com 1 fact
claimAM Astobiza investigates whether Large Language Models (LLMs) possess the capability to truly represent meaning and contribute to the development of scientific theories.
Critique of Panpsychism: Philosophical Coherence and Scientific ... thequran.love May 7, 2025 1 fact
perspectiveCritics argue that panpsychism fails the criterion of a scientific theory because it does not explain how a brain produces specific experiences, nor does it suggest new experiments, leaving existing scientific models unchanged.
Social Epistemology - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy plato.stanford.edu Feb 26, 2001 1 fact
claimThomas Kuhn held that purely objective considerations could never settle disputes between competing scientific theories, emphasizing that social factors influence the development of scientific theory.