Knowledge Tree
out-of-body experience
Also known as: OBE, astral projection, soul flight, out-of-body experience, out-of-body experiences, out-of-the-body experiences, out-of-body-like experience
Facts (35)
Sources
Exploring “lucid sleep” and altered states of consciousness using ... philosophymindscience.org Jan 7, 2025 21 facts
claimEmpirical data on states like out-of-body experiences and sleep paralysis remain limited due to the lack of specific induction techniques designed for their study.
referenceCharles T. Tart conducted a psychophysiological study of out-of-the-body experiences in a selected subject, published in The American Society for Psychical Research in 1968 (Volume 62, pp. 3–27).
referenceS. Bünning and Olaf Blanke published 'The out-of body experience: Precipitating factors and neural correlates' in Progress in Brain Research in 2005, which investigates the causes and neural mechanisms of out-of-body experiences.
referenceJ. A. Cheyne and T. A. Girard published 'The body unbound: Vestibular-motor hallucinations and out-of-body experiences' in Cortex in 2009, which studies the relationship between vestibular-motor hallucinations and out-of-body experiences.
referenceBlackmore (1984) conducted a postal survey of out-of-body experiences and other related experiences.
referenceThe study 'Out-of-body experience and arousal' by Nelson, K. R., Mattingly, M., & Schmitt, F. A. was published in Neurology in 2007 (Volume 68, issue 10, pages 794–795).
referenceOlaf Blanke, Theodor Landis, Laurent Spinelli, and Margitta Seeck published 'Out-of-body experience and autoscopy of neurological origin' in the journal Brain in 2004, examining the neurological basis of out-of-body experiences and autoscopy.
claimRecent research interest in lucid sleep has expanded to include out-of-body experiences, sleep paralysis, and 'witnessing-sleep' episodes described in Indian philosophical traditions.
referenceFox (1962) authored 'Astral projection: A record of out-of-the-body experiences', published by University Books.
referenceA. M. Smith and C. Messier published 'Voluntary out-of-body experience: An fMRI study' in Frontiers in Human Neuroscience in 2014.
referenceThe paper 'Out-of-body experiences, dreams, and REM sleep' was published in the journal Sleep and Hypnosis, volume 1, issue 3, pages 186–196.
referenceH. J. Irwin wrote 'Out-of-the-body experiences and dream lucidity', a chapter in the 1988 book 'Conscious mind, sleeping brain: Perspectives on lucid dreaming' edited by J. Gackenbach and S. LaBerge.
referenceCharles T. Tart conducted a psychophysiological study of out-of-the-body experiences in a selected subject, published in The Internal Journal of Parapsychology in 1967 (Volume 9, Issue 3, pp. 251–258).
referenceFacco et al. (2019) studied the neurophenomenology of out-of-body experiences induced by hypnotic suggestions, published in the International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis.
referenceSusan Blackmore published 'A theory of lucid dreams and OBEs' in 1988, which explores the relationship between lucid dreaming and out-of-body experiences.
referenceRabeyron and Caussie (2016) explored the clinical aspects of out-of-body experiences, specifically focusing on their relationship to trauma, reflexivity, and symbolisation.
referenceS. W. Twemlow, G. O. Gabbard, and F. C. Jones published 'The out-of-body experience: A phenomenological typology based on questionnaire responses' in The American Journal of Psychiatry in 1982 (Volume 139, Issue 4, pp. 450–455).
measurementThe case series study captured five lucid sleep episodes, which included one instance of lucid dreamless sleep, one out-of-body-like experience, and three different types of lucid dreams.
referenceT. Campillo-Ferrer and colleagues published a 2024 theoretical review in Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews that proposes a conceptual model relating out-of-body experiences to lucid dreaming and sleep paralysis.
referencePalmer and Lieberman (1975) investigated how psychological set influences extrasensory perception (ESP) and out-of-body experiences.
referenceRaduga, Kuyava, and Sevcenko (2020) investigated the relationships between REM sleep dissociated phenomena, including lucid dreaming, sleep paralysis, out-of-body experiences, and false awakening.
The Mechanisms of Psychedelic Visionary Experiences - Frontiers frontiersin.org Sep 27, 2017 6 facts
referenceContemporary DMT experiences emphasize spiritual entities reflecting interpersonal intelligence, spatial geometric visions, out-of-body experiences, mind-to-mind communication, and concerns with spiritual and existential matters, as reported by Luke in 2011.
claimThe neural correlates of out-of-body experiences involve a disruption of a specific Default Mode Network (DMN) area, the temporo-parietal junction (TPJ), which integrates bodily and sensory modalities.
claimPrevic (2006, 2009) asserts that dopaminergic activation favors extrapersonal cognition over body-based cognitive processes, enabling context-independent cognition that processes information about events distant in space and time, such as out-of-body experiences (OBE).
claimAn ancient mode of imaginal consciousness manifests in dreams, daydreaming, shamanic visions, mystical experiences, near-death experiences, out-of-body experiences, and psychedelic visions.
claimOut-of-body experiences involve an inner focus of awareness experienced as a separation of the self from the physical body, with the self experiences dominated by an internally generated visual field.
claimOut-of-body experiences (OBE), also known as soul flight and astral projection, involve a disintegration of the normal unity of the self, body, and one's visual perspective of the world.
4.5 Consciousness – Cognitive Psychology nmoer.pressbooks.pub 2 facts
claimArtificial stimulation of the temporoparietal junction can produce out-of-body experiences, where an individual feels their body is in a different location or perceives the world from a novel perspective, such as from the ceiling.
claimThe brain mechanisms that generate distorted body awareness or out-of-body experiences when stimulated may also be responsible for the normal sense of self and the sensation of being inside a body.
Self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-transcendence (S-ART) frontiersin.org 2 facts
Theories and Methods of Consciousness biomedres.us Jan 29, 2024 2 facts
claimPost-materialist researchers investigate fourteen paranormal and parapsychological phenomena, including out-of-body experiences, near-death experiences, psi phenomena, telepathy, remote viewing, presentiment experiments, effects of intention on biological and non-biological systems, remote staring, reincarnation research, mediumship research, and deathbed communications, to argue that consciousness can exist outside the brain or when the brain has ceased to function (van Lommel, et al.).
measurementThe Greyson near-death experience (NDE) scale is a 16-item instrument used to assess elements of near-death experiences, such as awareness of being dead, out-of-body experiences, tunnels of light, meeting deceased people, and positive emotions, particularly in cardiac arrest survivors and blind individuals (van Lommel, et al.).
Psychedelics, Sociality, and Human Evolution frontiersin.org 1 fact
claimControlled studies show that psychedelics reliably produce mystical-type experiences involving self-loss, awe, and connectedness, as well as anomalous experiences like synaesthesia, out-of-body experiences, near-death experiences, and entity encounters, which are commonly interpreted as spiritual interactions in pre-modern cultures.
Psychedelic Drugs News - ScienceDaily sciencedaily.com 1 fact
claimOut-of-body experiences, such as near-death experiences, can have a transformative effect on an individual's ability to experience empathy and connect with others.