concept

NAD+

Also known as: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

Facts (10)

Sources

Cellular rejuvenation: molecular mechanisms and potential ... - Nature nature.com Nature Mar 14, 2023 6 facts

claimNAD+ facilitates nuclear DNA repair by acting as a substrate for PARP and SIRTs and providing adenylate for DNA ligase IV.

claimNAD+ acts as a hydride-accepting coenzyme involved in DNA repair and the preservation of genome stability, and increased levels of NAD+ reduce DNA damage.

procedureNAD+ levels can be increased through supplementation with nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), by inhibiting NAD+-consuming enzymes, or by regulating NAD+ biosynthetic enzymes.

referenceNAD(+) plays a role in regulating cellular and metabolic signaling pathways, according to Amjad et al. in their 2021 Molecular Metabolism paper.

claimRuszkiewicz, Burkle, and Mangerich (2022) identified that NAD(+) plays a versatile role in fueling genome maintenance and preserving DNA integrity.

claimIn elderly individuals, blood levels of NAD+, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+), and UDP-acetyl-glucosamine decrease and are associated with redox homeostasis.

Cellular senescence: from homeostasis to pathological implications ... frontiersin.org Frontiers 4 facts

referenceChini C.C.S. et al. published 'CD38 ecto-enzyme in immune cells is induced during aging and regulates NAD(+) and NMN levels' in Nature Metabolism in 2020, establishing that CD38 expression increases during aging and impacts NAD+ and NMN levels.

referenceThe article 'NAD(+), sirtuins, and cardiovascular disease' published in Current Pharmaceutical Design in 2009 (15:110–7) discusses the roles of NAD(+) and sirtuins in cardiovascular disease.

referenceNAD+ levels are implicated in aging, metabolism, and neurodegeneration, as detailed by E. Verdin in a 2015 article in Science.

referenceMinhas P.S. et al. published 'Macrophage de novo NAD(+) synthesis specifies immune function in aging and inflammation' in Nature Immunology in 2019, detailing how NAD+ synthesis affects immune function.