Knowledge Tree
mirror self-recognition test
Also known as: mirror self-recognition
Facts (14)
Sources
Self-Consciousness - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy plato.stanford.edu Jul 13, 2017 8 facts
referenceDiana Reiss and Lori Marino authored the paper 'Mirror Self-Recognition in the Bottlenose Dolphin: A Case of Cognitive Convergence', published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America in 2001.
claimMark Nielsen, Thomas Suddendorf, and Virginia Slaughter investigated mirror self-recognition beyond the face in their 2006 study published in Child Development.
claimDolphins and some elephants have been claimed to pass the mirror self-recognition test, as reported by Reiss & Marino (2001) and Plotnik et al. (2006).
claimGordon Gallup and colleagues claim that the capacity to recognize oneself in a mirror is a marker of self-consciousness.
claimChimpanzees pass the mirror self-recognition test, while other primate species fail, according to Anderson & Gallup (2011).
claimRobert W. Mitchell proposed two theories regarding mental models of mirror-self-recognition in his 1993 article 'Mental Models of Mirror-Self-Recognition: Two Theories' published in New Ideas in Psychology.
procedureThe mirror self-recognition test involves surreptitiously placing a red mark on a subject's forehead before exposing them to a mirror, then observing whether the subject touches the marked spot.
measurementHuman infants typically begin to pass the mirror self-recognition test between 15 and 18 months of age, with most children passing by 24 months.
Self-Consciousness - Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science oecs.mit.edu Jul 24, 2024 4 facts
claimThe mirror self-recognition test is a tool for studying self-awareness that was initially prompted by observing how chimpanzees responded to their images in mirrors.
procedureThe mirror self-recognition test procedure, as defined by Gallup (1970), involves placing a red mark on a chimpanzee's face while they are under anesthetic, in a location they cannot see without a mirror and cannot detect through other modalities, then observing their behavior when they see themselves in the mirror.
claimThe mirror self-recognition test, introduced by Gallup in 1970, is widely accepted as an operationalization of self-awareness in non-human animals, young children, and infants.
measurementHuman infants typically start to display self-directed behaviors in the mirror self-recognition test between 18 and 24 months of age, according to Bertenthal and Fischer (1978).
(PDF) Levels of consciousness and self-awareness - Academia.edu academia.edu 2 facts
referenceMitchell, R. W. (1997) published 'Kinesthetic-visual matching and the self-concept as explanations of mirror-self-recognition' in the Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 27, 18-39.
claimNovel concepts such as reflective, primary, core, extended, recursive, and minimal consciousness are useful for distinguishing between variations in consciousness and clarifying theoretical debates regarding mirror self-recognition and language.