concept

mesenchymal stromal cells

Also known as: MSCs, MSC, mesenchymal stem cell, mesenchymal stromal cells, mesenchymal stem cells

Facts (26)

Sources

Cellular rejuvenation: molecular mechanisms and potential ... - Nature nature.com Nature Mar 14, 2023 14 facts

claimPhase I clinical trials testing the efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cells in chronic kidney disease treatment include trials using autologous bone marrow MSCs (NCT02166489 and NCT02195323) and adipose-derived MSCs (NCT02266394 and NCT01840540).

claimClinical trials for treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with stem cells, such as NCT05306457, have been completed and yielded desired results using autologous mesenchymal stem cells, endogenous mesenchymal stem cell mobilization, neural stem cells, and T-cell vaccination combined with mesenchymal stem cell and neural stem cell therapy.

claimMesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation is explored as a therapeutic method to slow or reverse chronic kidney disease progression due to the cells' easy collection, low immunogenicity, and high paracrine potential.

claimOSKM-mediated partial reprogramming restores youthful gene expression in adipocytes, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and myogenic cells, while single-cell genomics reveals that this process temporarily suppresses somatic identity programs.

claimThe regeneration of sweat gland cells using epidermal cells, fibroblasts, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) promotes wound healing in deep second-degree burned skin and restores sweat function.

referenceMesenchymal stem cells are the subject of ongoing clinical trials.

claimClinical trials for the use of mesenchymal stem cells in Alzheimer’s disease treatment include NCT03117738, NCT04040348, and NCT02672306.

claimTrabecular meshwork stem cells (TMSCs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have demonstrated efficacy in maintaining intraocular pressure (IOP) equilibrium and restoring trabecular meshwork (TM) cellularity.

claimClinical trials employing mesenchymal stem cells to treat chronic kidney disease face challenges including determining the optimal administration method, ensuring cell flourishing, tracking injected cells, preventing immunological rejection, improving homing and engraftment, and increasing immune acceptance.

referenceYeo et al. (2021) evaluated the potential of mesenchymal stem cells in the rejuvenation of the aging immune system.

referenceThe circadian clock plays a role in mesenchymal stem cell fate decisions, as reported by Gao et al. in Stem Cell Research & Therapy (2022).

claimCandidate cell sources for rejuvenating chronic lung disease include hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and bronchoalveolar stem cells.

claimMesenchymal stem cells enhance spatial learning and prevent memory impairment in Alzheimer’s disease by reducing β-amyloid plaques and tau hyperphosphorylation, reversing microglial inflammation, and promoting anti-inflammatory responses.

claimSenescent human pre-adipocytes or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are susceptible to Dasatinib but not quercetin or fisetin, whereas senescent human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) are susceptible to quercetin or fisetin but not Dasatinib.

Mitochondria and the dynamic control of stem cell homeostasis link.springer.com Springer Apr 16, 2018 6 facts

claimMesenchymal stem cells are mainly glycolytic but exhibit tubular mitochondria that can further elongate upon differentiation.

referenceAtashi et al. (2015) reviewed the role of reactive oxygen species in the adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.

claimAn increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), independent of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), promotes the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells and adult stem cells, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and neural stem cells (NSCs).

claimPhysiological oxygen levels are present in the in vivo niches of adult stem cells, including hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and neural stem cells (NSCs).

claimMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show low levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and high levels of glutathione (GSH).

claimThe regulation of intracellular calcium is considered crucial for the physiological differentiation of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) and adult stem cells, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and neural stem cells (NSCs).

Cellular senescence: from homeostasis to pathological implications ... frontiersin.org Frontiers 3 facts

referenceYe G, Li J, Yu W, Xie Z, Zheng G, Liu W et al. reported in Experimental & Molecular Medicine (2023) that ALKBH5 facilitates CYP1B1 mRNA degradation via m6A demethylation to alleviate mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) senescence and osteoarthritis progression.

referenceMesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal microRNAs contribute to wound inflammation, as reported by Ti et al. in a 2016 study in Science China Life Sciences.

referenceFang J, Chen Z, Lai X, Yin W, Guo Y, Zhang W et al. reported in Bioorganic Chemistry (2022) that mesenchymal stem cell-derived HIF-1α-overexpressed extracellular vesicles ameliorate hypoxia-induced pancreatic β cell apoptosis and senescence through activating YTHDF1-mediated protective autophagy.

Bioelectricity - The Levin Lab drmichaellevin.org drmichaellevin.org 2 facts

claimDepolarization alters the phenotype and maintains the plasticity of predifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells, as reported by S. Sundelacruz, Michael Levin, and D. L. Kaplan in a 2013 study in Tissue Engineering Part A.

claimMembrane potential controls the adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, as reported in a 2008 study published in PLoS One.

Homeostatic medicine: a strategy for exploring health and disease link.springer.com Springer Sep 26, 2022 1 fact

claimNitrates improve mitochondrial function and reduce the aging of mesenchymal stem cells by upregulating sialin expression.