Knowledge Tree
medical decision-making
Facts (13)
Sources
The Impact of Cognitive Biases on Professionals' Decision-Making frontiersin.org 12 facts
claimBlumenthal-Barby and Krieger (2015) noted that researchers studying cognitive biases in medical decision-making use diverse strategies, though vignette-based studies are the most frequent.
referenceD. E. Detmer, D. G. Fryback, and K. Gassner published 'Heuristics and biases in medical decision-making' in the Journal of Medical Education in 1978.
measurementBlumenthal-Barby and Krieger (2015) identified the most studied cognitive biases in medical decision-making as loss/gain framing bias (24.08%), relative risk bias (9.70%), availability bias (7.36%), and omission bias (6.02%).
accountEarly papers on cognitive bias in medical decision-making, such as those by Dawson and Arkes (1987), Elstein (1999), and Redelmeier (2005), primarily utilized narrative reviews to describe how cognitive shortcuts can lead physicians to make poor decisions like wrong diagnoses.
referenceHershberger et al. (1994) developed a test to measure cognitive bias specifically within the context of medical decision-making.
referenceBlumenthal-Barby and Krieger (2015) published a systematic review of 213 studies on the impact of cognitive biases on medical decision-making.
referenceDebiasing has been proposed as a method to reduce the effects of cognitive biases in medical decision-making, according to research by Graber et al. (2002, 2012), Croskerry (2003), and Croskerry et al. (2013).
procedureA methodology for studying cognitive biases in medical decision-making involves reviewing instances where errors occurred to determine if cognitive biases contributed to the error, as seen in Graber et al. (2005).
claimSaposnik et al. (2016) conducted a systematic review on the impact of cognitive biases on medical decision-making that included 20 studies.
measurementIn their review of 213 studies, Blumenthal-Barby and Krieger (2015) found that 77% (N=164) were based on hypothetical vignettes, 34% (N=73) investigated medical personnel, 82% (N=175) were conducted with representative populations, and 68% (N=145) confirmed a bias or heuristic in the study population.
referenceN. V. Dawson and H. R. Arkes published 'Systematic errors in medical decision making' in the Journal of General Internal Medicine in 1987.
measurementRegarding loss/gain framing bias in medical decision-making, Blumenthal-Barby and Krieger (2015) found that 39% of studies (N=28) confirmed an effect, 39% (N=28) confirmed an effect only in a subpopulation, and 22% (N=16) disconfirmed any effect.
Neuro-insights: a systematic review of neuromarketing perspectives ... frontiersin.org 1 fact
referenceYun et al. (2021) utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to study human-AI interaction or medical decision making.