Knowledge Tree
major depression
Also known as: clinical depression
Facts (31)
Sources
Extent and Health Consequences of Chronic Sleep Loss and ... - NCBI ncbi.nlm.nih.gov 14 facts
claimShorter REM latency and slow-wave sleep (SWS) deficits are found in first-degree relatives of people with major depression who are themselves unaffected by depression, suggesting these traits run in families, according to Giles et al. (1998).
claimInsomnia is used as a diagnostic symptom for major depression.
claimInsomnia is a symptom used in conjunction with other symptoms to diagnose major depression.
claimInsomnia and major depression represent the most prevalent and best-studied comorbidity between sleep and psychiatric disorders.
measurementStudies have found that 15 to 20 percent of people diagnosed with insomnia also have major depression, according to Ford and Kamerow (1989) and Breslau et al. (1996).
claimInsomnia is a highly common symptom of major depression.
claimLongitudinal studies have established insomnia as a risk factor for major depression.
claimInsomnia is established as a risk factor for major depression based on longitudinal studies.
referenceN.D. Ryan and colleagues described the clinical picture of major depression in children and adolescents in a 1987 study published in the Archives of General Psychiatry.
claimThe DSM-IV lists sleep disturbances as diagnostic criteria for certain psychiatric disorders, such as using insomnia as a symptom to diagnose major depression (APA, 1994).
claimMajor depression in children and adolescents presents with a specific clinical picture.
referenceA 1987 study published in the Archives of General Psychiatry titled 'The clinical picture of major depression in children and adolescents' examined the clinical presentation of major depression in pediatric populations.
measurementA study of 10,000 adults by Weissman and colleagues (1997) found that insomnia increased the risk of major depression fivefold and increased the risk of panic disorder 20-fold (OR = 20.3, 95% CI, 4.4–93.8).
referenceMajor depression in children and adolescents presents with a specific clinical picture as described in a 1987 study.
The Montreal model: an integrative biomedical-psychedelic ... frontiersin.org 4 facts
referencePatten et al. (2016) published 'Major depression in Canada: what has changed over the past 10 years?' in the Canadian Journal of Psychiatry.
referenceGrunebaum et al. (2017) conducted a midazolam-controlled randomized clinical trial to evaluate the use of ketamine for the rapid reduction of suicidal thoughts in major depression.
referenceXu et al. conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis published in the International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology in 2015 regarding the effects of low-dose and very low-dose ketamine in patients with major depression.
referenceGoodwin, Aaronson, Alvarez, Arden, Baker, Bennett, et al. published 'Single-dose psilocybin for a treatment-resistant episode of major depression' in the New England Journal of Medicine in 2022 (doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2206443), evaluating psilocybin efficacy for treatment-resistant depression.
How sleep deprivation can harm your health - Harvard Health health.harvard.edu Jul 22, 2025 3 facts
claimTwo studies involving young people, one with 300 pairs of twins and another with approximately 1,000 teenagers, found that lack of sleep often preceded diagnoses of major depression and anxiety.
measurementA study of approximately 1,000 adults between the ages of 21 and 30 found that individuals with a history of insomnia were four times as likely to develop major depression within three years compared to normal sleepers.
measurementIn a study of teenagers, sleep problems preceded a diagnosis of major depression 69% of the time and anxiety disorders 27% of the time.
Effects of psychedelics on neurogenesis and broader neuroplasticity link.springer.com Dec 19, 2024 2 facts
referenceFreis ED reported on mental depression in hypertensive patients treated for long periods with large doses of Reserpine in a 1954 article in the New England Journal of Medicine.
claimPhytocannabinoids and their synthetic counterparts have demonstrated antidepressant and anxiolytic effects in patients with major depression and those undergoing chemotherapy.
Advances in Pharmacognosy for Modern Drug Discovery and ... jbph.org 1 fact
referenceSt. John's wort is used as a treatment for major depression.
10 Effects of Long-Term Sleep Deprivation sleephealthsolutionsohio.com Aug 20, 2025 1 fact
claimLong-term sleep deprivation is linked to clinical depression and a general loss of motivation.
How men's and women's brains are different | Stanford Medicine stanmed.stanford.edu May 22, 2017 1 fact
measurementWomen are twice as likely as men to experience clinical depression and post-traumatic stress disorder in their lifetimes.
Published Studies — Johns Hopkins Center for Psychedelic and ... hopkinspsychedelic.org 1 fact
referenceA 2023 study published in Cancer explored innovations in group-based psilocybin-assisted therapy for patients with major depression and cancer.
The Western Diet and Its Impact on Modern Health: What Patients ... diagnosticdetectives.com 1 fact
claimParticipants eating a Western diet exhibited higher GHQ-12 scores and had an increased risk of major depression or mild chronic depression.
Exploring “lucid sleep” and altered states of consciousness using ... philosophymindscience.org Jan 7, 2025 1 fact
referenceL. Sackwild and T. Stumbrys published 'The healing and transformative potential of lucid dreaming for treating clinical depression' in the International Journal of Dream Research in 2021.
Self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-transcendence (S-ART) frontiersin.org 1 fact
referenceA. S. Heller, T. Johnstone, A. J. Shackman, S. N. Light, M. J. Peterson, G. G. Kolden, et al. published a 2009 study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America finding that a reduced capacity to sustain positive emotion in major depression reflects diminished maintenance of fronto-striatal brain activation.
Evolutionary psychology - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org 1 fact
claimClinical depression is viewed as maladaptive, and evolutionary approaches seek to understand how it might have functioned as an adaptive mechanism.