Knowledge Tree
logic
Also known as: logical
Facts (46)
Sources
Epistemology - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org 5 facts
claimLogic is defined as the study of correct reasoning.
claimJonathan O. Chimakonam and L. Uchenna Ogbonnaya authored the chapter 'Toward an African Theory of Knowledge' in the 2021 book 'African Metaphysics, Epistemology and a New Logic: A Decolonial Approach to Philosophy', published by Palgrave Macmillan.
claimEpistemology is a main branch of philosophy, alongside ethics, logic, and metaphysics.
claimNaturalized epistemology relies on empirical methods and discoveries, whereas formal epistemology uses formal tools from logic.
claimFormal epistemology employs formal tools from logic and mathematics to investigate the nature of knowledge.
Sources of Knowledge: Rationalism, Empiricism, and the Kantian ... press.rebus.community 5 facts
claimRelations of ideas, as defined by David Hume, concern matters like logic and mathematics, do not depend on how the world actually is, and are known a priori.
claimGottfried Wilhelm Leibniz argues that general principles of logic and mathematics are innate, even if they are not universally held or consciously recognized by all individuals.
claimIn logic and philosophy, a 'necessary' truth is a statement that must be true and cannot be false, such as the mathematical fact that a triangle has three sides.
claimAn analytic truth is a truth that holds in virtue of the meanings of the words in a sentence and the sentence’s logical form, where the predicate term is contained in or is the meaning of the subject term.
claimRelations of ideas, such as those found in logic and mathematics, are true by definition and are considered necessary or certain because their denial leads to a contradiction.
Neuro-Symbolic AI: Explainability, Challenges, and Future Trends arxiv.org Nov 7, 2024 4 facts
claimMathematics and physical laws serve as correct standards for logic, whereas human common-sense logic often contains contradictions and logical fallacies.
referenceNeuro-symbolic AI research is categorized into several domains: mathematics and symbolic regression (e.g., Majumdar et al., 2023; Petersen et al., 2019), logic and knowledge processing including concept/rule learning (e.g., Aspis et al., 2022) and logical reasoning (e.g., Cunnington et al., 2023), and applications such as visual question answering (e.g., Mao et al., 2019), medical (e.g., Jain et al., 2023), communication (e.g., Thomas and Saad, 2023), programming (e.g., Hu et al., 2022a), recommendation systems (e.g., Carraro, 2023), and security (e.g., Wang et al., 2018).
referenceManhaeve et al. (2019) introduced DeepProbLog, a framework for integrating logic and learning through algebraic model counting, presented at the KR2ML Workshop at Neurips 2019.
claimProcess transparency in Neuro-Symbolic AI requires that the generation of symbols for logical reasoning by neural networks be transparent and interpretable enough to verify correctness, potentially through rigorous logic or formulaic arguments.
Papers - Dr Vaishak Belle vaishakbelle.github.io 4 facts
referenceVaishak Belle authored 'On the relevance of logic for AI, and the promise of neuro-symbolic learning', published in Neurosymbolic Artificial Intelligence in 2025.
referenceVaishak Belle authored 'Logic + probabilistic programming + causal laws', published in Royal Society Open Science in 2023.
referenceThe paper 'Logic + Reinforcement Learning + Deep Learning: A Survey' by A. Bueff and V. Belle was published in the ICAART proceedings in 2023.
referenceThe paper 'Logic meets Learning: From Aristotle to Neural Networks' by V. Belle was published in the book 'Neuro-Symbolic Artificial Intelligence — The State of the Art' in 2022.
Rationalism vs Empiricism: Philosophy & Meaning - Vaia vaia.com Nov 12, 2024 4 facts
claimRationalism asserts that reason and logic are the primary paths to knowledge, with some ideas being innate.
claimIn mathematics, rationalists believe certain truths are innately understood through logic, such as the concept that a triangle's angles sum to 180 degrees.
claimRationalists typically highlight analytical propositions, which are truths based on the meanings of terms or logical deduction, such as the statement 'all bachelors are unmarried.'
claimRationalism is a philosophical view asserting that reason is the primary source of knowledge, and that humans possess innate understanding that can be developed through logic and deduction.
What is the main difference between Rationalism and Empiricism? byjus.com 3 facts
claimRationalism is a philosophical theory asserting that reason and logic are the primary sources of knowledge.
perspectiveRationalists believe that reality has an underlying logic and that logical reasoning can reveal the nature of the world.
claimEmpiricists believe that experience and memory develop a person and their morals, and that evidence found by experiment reveals the world's reality rather than reason and logic.
Building Better Agentic Systems with Neuro-Symbolic AI cutter.com Dec 10, 2025 3 facts
claimSymbolic AI systems offer strengths including precision through strict logic and constraints, tailorable expertise via explicit rules and domain knowledge, explainability through traceable decision-making rules, and reliability because they do not hallucinate due to their reliance on explicitly defined rules.
claimLarge language models (LLMs) struggle with tasks that require strict logic, long-term planning, or adherence to hard rules such as laws, legal codes, or physics.
claimNeuro-symbolic AI balances perception with logic to create a foundation for agentic systems that can both understand and reason.
Naturalized epistemology - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org 2 facts
claimW. V. O. Quine concludes that studies of scientific knowledge concerned with meaning or truth fail to achieve the Cartesian goal of certainty, noting the failure of those in or sympathetic to The Vienna Circle to reduce mathematics to pure logic.
claimW. V. O. Quine concludes that scientific knowledge can at best be defined using less certain set-theoretic notions, and that constructing an encoding of scientific knowledge as logic and set theory is undermined by the inability to translate such encodings back into scientific knowledge.
Rationalism Vs. Empiricism 101: Which One is Right? - TheCollector thecollector.com Nov 9, 2023 2 facts
claimAristotle is considered a significant rationalist due to his foundational works dedicated to logic, despite his high valuation of experience and its methods.
claimRené Descartes argued that only specific types of ideas are innate, including the idea of God, mathematical concepts of arithmetic and geometry, and the laws and principles of logic.
The Year of Neuro-Symbolic AI: How 2026 Makes Machines Actually ... cogentinfo.com Dec 30, 2025 2 facts
claimNeural networks learn correlations rather than logic, meaning they predict outcomes without understanding cause-and-effect relationships and often become unreliable when encountering unfamiliar scenarios.
claimNeuro-symbolic AI is an architecture that balances learning and logic in a coordinated framework, enabling machines to move beyond surface-level interpretation toward meaningful decision-making grounded in context, knowledge, and rule-based reasoning.
Epistemology - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy plato.stanford.edu Dec 14, 2005 2 facts
perspectiveSkeptics about apriority claim that all knowledge of mathematics, geometry, logic, and conceptual truths is empirical rather than a priori.
claimParadigm examples of a priori knowledge include conceptual truths, such as 'All bachelors are unmarried', as well as truths of mathematics, geometry, and logic.
A Comprehensive Review of Neuro-symbolic AI for Robustness ... link.springer.com Dec 9, 2025 1 fact
claimNeuro-symbolic AI methods aim to provide human-interpretable logic behind predictions.
Neurosymbolic AI: The Future of AI After LLMs - LinkedIn linkedin.com Nov 11, 2025 1 fact
claimNeurosymbolic AI combines statistical deep learning (neural networks) with rules-based symbolic processing (logic, math, and programming languages) to improve deep reasoning and produce artificial general intelligence with common sense.
Neuro-Symbolic AI: The Future of Smart Tech | Medium theaidrift.medium.com May 6, 2025 1 fact
claimNeuro-symbolic AI integrates logic with machine learning to develop machines that are smarter, ethical, and explainable.
Neural-Symbolic AI: The Next Breakthrough in Reliable and ... hu.ac.ae Dec 29, 2025 1 fact
referenceSymbolic reasoning applies logic and rules to solve problems, offering an advantage in decision-making because the underlying rules are unchanging and consistent (d’Avila Garcez & Lamb, 2023).
Epistemology (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy/Fall 2019 Edition) plato.stanford.edu Dec 14, 2005 1 fact
claimSkeptics about apriority do not deny the existence of knowledge regarding mathematics, geometry, logic, and conceptual truths, but rather claim that all such knowledge is empirical.
The Synergy of Symbolic and Connectionist AI in LLM-Empowered ... arxiv.org Jul 11, 2024 1 fact
claimConnectionist artificial intelligence focuses on neural networks, whereas symbolic artificial intelligence emphasizes symbolic representation and logic.
The Synergy of Symbolic and Connectionist AI in LLM ... arxiv.org 1 fact
claimSymbolic AI is a paradigm that emphasizes symbolic representation and logic, utilizing rule-based systems to perform reasoning and decision-making tasks.
Understanding epistemology and its key approaches in research cefcambodia.com Jan 21, 2023 1 fact
claimRationalists maintain that truths of logic or mathematics are not necessarily dependent on experience.
Survey and analysis of hallucinations in large language models frontiersin.org Sep 29, 2025 1 fact
referenceRecent studies by Ji et al. (2023) and Kazemi et al. (2023) categorize hallucinations into four types: intrinsic, extrinsic, factual, and logical.
Neuro-symbolic AI - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org 1 fact
claimIn 2005, Sebastian Bader and Pascal Hitzler presented a fine-grained categorization of neuro-symbolic AI that accounts for whether the use of symbols includes logic, and if so, whether that logic is propositional or first-order.