Knowledge Tree
living systems
Also known as: living system
Facts (11)
Sources
A Hilbertian approach to biological problems | PLOS Complex ... journals.plos.org Nov 5, 2024 4 facts
claimHomeostasis functions as a core mechanism in living systems by maintaining a steady-state goal, often relying on negative feedback.
claimThe authors of the paper propose that their method helps address the complexity and variability inherent in living systems by focusing on key unresolved questions that drive the field of biology forward.
claimBiological modeling faces significant challenges due to the complexity, variability, dynamic interactions, nonlinearity, and stochasticity inherent in living systems at multiple scales.
claimCybernetics utilizes the concept of negative feedback to achieve dynamic equilibrium, highlighting how living systems autonomously counteract external changes.
Cybernetics 2.0 - Springer Nature link.springer.com 2 facts
claimThe Hebbian-LMS algorithm serves as a mathematical representation for a general theory of synaptic learning in the brain, as well as the adaptation and functional control of homeostasis in living systems.
referenceThe book 'Cybernetics 2.0' explores the role of adaptivity and homeostasis in living systems, applying concepts from engineering to biology and natural processes.
Life, Intelligence, and Consciousness: A Functional Perspective longnow.org Aug 27, 2025 2 facts
perspectiveThe author argues that living systems should be defined expansively as functional ecologies where all components are interdependent, mutually sustaining, and constructing each other, which includes both biological entities and technology.
perspectiveResearchers studying life at a single-celled level often define living systems by characteristics such as decentralization, randomness, and physical properties like 'squishyness' and 'wetness', which they contrast with computation.
Consciousness in Artificial Intelligence? A Framework for Classifying ... arxiv.org Nov 20, 2025 2 facts
claimEnactivists argue that consciousness arises only in living systems due to the tight interaction between an organism and its external environment, a process they term autopoiesis, where systems create and maintain their own parts.
referenceEnactivist objections to digital consciousness can be categorized at the level of implementation as the claim that biological complexity of the implementing system is necessary for consciousness, or that consciousness requires being part of a living system, as supported by Aru et al. (2023), Varela et al. (1991), and Thompson (2010).
Understanding LLM Understanding skywritingspress.ca Jun 14, 2024 1 fact
referenceMichael Levin and colleagues have published research on diverse intelligence, including: Rouleau, N., and Levin, M. (2023), "The Multiple Realizability of Sentience in Living Systems and Beyond"; Clawson, W. P., and Levin, M. (2023), "Endless forms most beautiful 2.0: teleonomy and the bioengineering of chimaeric and synthetic organisms"; Bongard, J., and Levin, M. (2023), "There’s Plenty of Room Right Here: Biological Systems as Evolved, Overloaded, Multi-Scale Machines"; Fields, C., and Levin, M. (2022), "Competency in Navigating Arbitrary Spaces as an Invariant for Analyzing Cognition in Diverse Embodiments"; and Levin, M. (2022), "Technological Approach to Mind Everywhere: an experimentally-grounded framework for understanding diverse bodies and minds."