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ketamine-assisted psychotherapy
Also known as: KAP, ketamine therapy, ketamine-assisted therapy
Facts (15)
Sources
The Montreal model: an integrative biomedical-psychedelic ... frontiersin.org 13 facts
claimThe Montreal model of ketamine-assisted therapy frames patient experiences as meaningful in terms of their process and content, with a primary emphasis on experiential learning.
perspectiveThe authors of the Montreal model suggest that incorporating psychological treatment adjuncts into ketamine therapy may feasibly address the major limitations of the biomedical perspective on ketamine.
measurementIn the Montreal model of ketamine-assisted therapy, blood pressure is measured at 10–15 minute intervals during the ketamine infusion.
referenceP.E. Wolfson, J. Andries, D. Ahlers, and M. Whippo published 'Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy in adolescents with multiple psychiatric diagnoses' in Frontiers in Psychiatry in 2023.
claimPsychological enhancements in ketamine therapy may improve the tolerability and sustained efficacy of the treatment, offering a resource-efficient alternative to frequently re-administering doses.
referenceJ. Dore, B. Turnipseed, S. Dwyer, A. Turnipseed, J. Andries, G. Ascani, et al. published 'Ketamine assisted psychotherapy (KAP): patient demographics, clinical data and outcomes in three large practices administering ketamine with psychotherapy' in the Journal of Psychoactive Drugs in 2019.
claimClinicians utilizing the Montreal model of ketamine-assisted therapy consider emotional release as a hypothesized psychotherapeutic mechanism alongside experiential learning.
referenceThe article 'Active mechanisms of ketamine-assisted psychotherapy: a systematic review' was published in the Journal of Affective Disorders in 2022 (doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.07.030), examining the mechanisms underlying ketamine-assisted psychotherapy.
referenceA cohort-based case report published in Frontiers in Psychiatry (2022) examined the impact of ketamine-assisted therapy embedded in a Community of Practice Framework for healthcare providers suffering from PTSD and depression.
procedureThe Montreal model of ketamine-assisted therapy follows a structured session course consisting of seven steps: (1) Check-in: Review recent life events, medical/psychiatric risk, symptomatic changes, treatment changes, and progress on goals. (2) Rolling integration: Discuss the previous ketamine treatment experience and its relevance to day-to-day life. (3) Establish intentions and activities: Mutually agree on goals, music, and the degree of clinician guidance. (4) Ketamine initiation: Verify baseline hemodynamic parameters, psychological readiness, and consent, then install an intravenous line and start the infusion. (5) Ketamine infusion: Conduct a brief mindfulness exercise; if using music, play a 50–60 minute playlist; if not using music, encourage openness and acceptance while monitoring blood pressure (every 10–15 min), heart rate, and oxygen saturation. (6) Debrief: Engage in a 20–30 minute discussion following the 40-minute infusion or music playlist, prioritizing validation of emotions and revisiting intentions. (7) Rolling preparation: Review and discuss plans for the subsequent days and the next treatment, including behavioral goals.
measurementIn the Montreal model of ketamine-assisted therapy, the ketamine infusion lasts for 40 minutes.
measurementIn the Montreal model of ketamine-assisted therapy, the debriefing session following the ketamine infusion lasts for 20–30 minutes.
claimThe challenges and potential solutions described in the Montreal model for ketamine therapy may hold relevance for the upcoming transition of drugs like psilocybin from clinical trials to clinical care.
Published Studies — Johns Hopkins Center for Psychedelic and ... hopkinspsychedelic.org 1 fact
referenceDavis, A. K., Agin-Liebes, G., España, M., Pilecki, B., and Luoma, J. B. published 'Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy for trauma-exposed patients in an outpatient setting: A clinical chart review study' in the Journal of Psychoactive Drugs in 2021.
Effects of psychedelics on neurogenesis and broader neuroplasticity link.springer.com Dec 19, 2024 1 fact
claimMuscat S-A, Hartelius G, Crouch CR, and Morin KW proposed an integrative approach to ketamine therapy in 2021, suggesting it may enhance multiple dimensions of efficacy for treating treatment-resistant depression.