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iso-saturation hypoxia

Also known as: hypoxic iso-saturation

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Sex differences in cardiorespiratory control under hypoxia - Frontiers frontiersin.org Frontiers Jan 30, 2025 18 facts
claimExposure to iso-saturation hypoxia causes increases in heart rate, cardiac output, low-frequency bands of R-R intervals, blood pressure, tidal volume, and ventilation, while causing decreases in baroreflex sensitivity, total power, and the high-frequency band of R-R intervals.
claimWhen analyzing sex as a factor in iso-saturation hypoxia, females exhibit a higher heart rate and cardiac output index, but lower tidal volume, ventilation, and low-frequency band of blood pressure compared to males.
measurementDuring iso-saturation hypoxia, only males increased tidal volume (p = 0.037).
measurementUnder iso-saturation hypoxia, males had a heart rate of 77 ± 8 bpm, while females had a heart rate of 90 ± 7 bpm.
claimUnder hypoxic iso-saturation, females have higher heart rates and a greater low-frequency band response of heart rate variability compared to males, while males present a higher tidal volume.
measurementThe cardiac index (CI) for males was 3.45 ± 0.33 L.min−1.m2 under normoxia and 3.64 ± 0.34 L.min−1.m2 under iso-saturation hypoxia.
measurementFemales had a tidal volume (Vt) of 747 ± 125 ml under normoxia and 753 ± 116 ml under iso-saturation hypoxia.
measurementDuring iso-saturation (SpO2-matched) analysis under hypoxia, females exhibited higher heart rates, increased cardiac sympathetic modulation, and a tendency towards lower spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity compared to males.
claimVentilatory data remained unchanged in females under iso-saturation hypoxia, while only males increased tidal volume under iso-saturation, as evidenced by the sex-condition interaction.
measurementThe alpha index of low-frequency components (α–LF) for males was 10.1 ± 5.6 ms.mmHg−1 under normoxia and 9.0 ± 5.3 ms.mmHg−1 under iso-saturation hypoxia.
claimIn the current study, the normalized low-frequency (LF) band of the R-R interval increased more in females during iso-saturation hypoxia, suggesting a possible greater sympathetic predominance over heart rate in females compared to males.
measurementFemales had a minute ventilation (VE) of 12.44 ± 2.69 L.min−1 under normoxia and 12.87 ± 2.56 L.min−1 under iso-saturation hypoxia.
measurementMales had a minute ventilation (VE) of 15.16 ± 2.47 L.min−1 under normoxia and 16.72 ± 3.64 L.min−1 under iso-saturation hypoxia.
claimDuring iso-saturation hypoxia, females showed a trend toward reduced baroreflex sensitivity (alpha-LF) compared to males.
measurementThe alpha index of low-frequency components (α–LF) for females was 10.0 ± 4.0 ms.mmHg−1 under normoxia and 6.7 ± 2.5 ms.mmHg−1 under iso-saturation hypoxia.
measurementFemales had a cardiac output of 6.99 ± 0.96 L.min−1 under normoxia and 7.46 ± 1.16 L.min−1 under iso-saturation hypoxia.
measurementMales had a cardiac output of 6.43 ± 0.76 L.min−1 under normoxia and 6.85 ± 0.91 L.min−1 under iso-saturation hypoxia.
measurementMales had a tidal volume (Vt) of 999 ± 180 ml under normoxia and 1,120 ± 206 ml under iso-saturation hypoxia.