Knowledge Tree
interleukin-8
Also known as: IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-3, IL-7, IL-9, interleukin-8, IL-8
Facts (19)
Sources
Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Overview | Thermo Fisher Scientific - US thermofisher.com 11 facts
referenceIL-4 is classified as an adaptive immunity cytokine, is produced by Th cells, binds to the CD124 receptor, targets B cells, T cells, and macrophages, and functions in the proliferation of B and cytotoxic T cells, enhancement of MHC class II expression, and stimulation of IgG and IgE production.
referenceIL-2 is classified as an adaptive immunity cytokine, is produced by Th1 cells, binds to the CD25 receptor, targets activated T cells, B cells, and NK cells, and functions in the proliferation of B cells and activated T cells, and supports NK cell function.
claimBinding events at the site of infection increase local levels of IL-1β and IL-8, which recruit macrophages and monocytes to remove apoptotic cell fragments.
referenceIL-5 is classified as an adaptive immunity cytokine, is produced by Th2 cells and mast cells, binds to CDw125 and CD131 receptors, targets eosinophils and B cells, and functions in B-cell proliferation and maturation, and the stimulation of IgA and IgM production.
claimIn the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the cytokines IL-12 and IL-8 enhance IFN-γ production, which attracts monocytes and T lymphocytes, but not neutrophils, to induce apoptosis and eliminate infected cells.
claimPro-inflammatory cytokines include IL-1, IL-2, IL-12, IL-17, IL-18, IFN-γ, and TNF-α.
referenceIL-8 is classified as a pro-inflammatory cytokine, is produced by macrophages, binds to the IL-8R receptor, targets neutrophils, and functions in chemotaxis for neutrophils and T cells.
referenceIL-9 is classified as an adaptive immunity cytokine, is produced by T cells, binds to IL-9R and CD132 receptors, targets T cells, and functions in growth and proliferation.
referenceIL-17 is classified as a pro-inflammatory cytokine, is produced by Th17 cells, binds to the IL-17R receptor, targets monocytes and neutrophils, and functions in recruiting monocytes and neutrophils to the site of infection and activating downstream cytokines and chemokines including IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-21, TNF-beta, and MCP-1.
referenceIL-3 is classified as an adaptive immunity cytokine, is produced by T cells, binds to CD123 and CDw131 receptors, targets stem cells, and functions in the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic precursors.
referenceIL-7 is classified as an adaptive immunity cytokine, is produced by bone marrow stromal cells and epithelial cells, binds to the CD127 receptor, targets stem cells, and functions as a B and T cell growth factor.
3. The Innate Immune System - Immunopaedia immunopaedia.org.za 4 facts
claimWithin hours of activation, mast cells synthesize chemokines (CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5) and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-6).
claimUpon antigen activation, Mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells produce IFN-gamma, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10.
referenceEosinophils participate in acute and chronic inflammatory reactions, particularly in allergic diseases, by producing leukotrienes (LT), platelet-activating factor (PAF), and cytokines including granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-3, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and TGF-β.
claimMacrophages produce major cytokines including TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-33.
Vernonia amygdalina: a comprehensive review of the ... frontiersin.org 1 fact
measurementVernonioside V suppresses the production of TNF-a, IL-6, and IL-8 inflammatory cytokines in LPS-activated Raw 264.7 cells at a dose of 30 mg/mL.
Immunity In Depth | Linus Pauling Institute lpi.oregonstate.edu 1 fact
referenceCantorna MT, Woodward WD, Hayes CE, and DeLuca HF published '1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is a positive regulator for the two anti-encephalitogenic cytokines TGF-beta 1 and IL-4' in The Journal of Immunology in 1998 (volume 160, issue 11, pages 5314-5319), identifying 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 as a positive regulator of TGF-beta 1 and IL-4.
Chronic Inflammation - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf ncbi.nlm.nih.gov 1 fact
claimDetecting pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) is an expensive method that may identify specific factors causing chronic inflammation, though these assays are not standardized.
Medicinal plants and human health: a comprehensive review of ... link.springer.com Nov 5, 2025 1 fact
measurementGinsenoside Rg1 enhances Th1 cytokine production (IFN-γ, IL-2) by 40–70% while diminishing Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5) by 30–50% in allergen-sensitized mice.